The merit of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the longitudinal assessment of spinocerebellar ataxias and multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type
参考文献:1.Jayadev S, Bird TD: Hereditary ataxias: overview. Genet Med 2013, 15:673鈥?83.PubMed CrossRef 2.Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA, Brooks DJ, Mathias CJ, Trojanowski JQ, Wood NW, Colosimo C, Durr A, Fowler CJ, Kaufmann H, Klockgether T, Lees A, Poewe W, Quinn N, Revesz T, Robertson D, Sandroni P, Seppi K, Vidailhet M: Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 2008, 71:670鈥?76.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 3.Schmitz-Hubsch T, du Montcel ST, Baliko L, Berciano J, Boesch S, Depondt C, Giunti P, Globas C, Infante J, Kang JS, Kremer B, Mariotti C, Melegh B, Pandolfo M, Rakowicz M, Ribai P, Rola R, Schols L, Szymanski S, van de Warrenburg BP, Durr A, Klockgether T, Fancellu R: Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia: development of a new clinical scale. Neurology 2006, 66:1717鈥?720.PubMed CrossRef 4.Urenjak J, Williams SR, Gadian DG, Noble M: Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy unambiguously identifies different neural cell types. J Neuro Sci 1993, 13:981鈥?89. 5.Ross AJ, Sachdev PS, Wen W, Valenzuela MJ, Brodaty H: 1H MRS in stroke patients with and without cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 2005, 26:873鈥?82.PubMed CrossRef 6.Kugel H, Heindel W, Ernestus RI, Bunke J, du Mesnil R, Friedmann G: Human brain tumors: spectral patterns detected with localized H-1 MR spectroscopy. Radiology 1992, 183:701鈥?09.PubMed CrossRef 7.Bruhn H, Frahm J, Gyngell ML, Merboldt KD, Hanicke W, Sauter R: Cerebral metabolism in man after acute stroke: new observations using localized proton NMR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 1989, 9:126鈥?31.PubMed CrossRef 8.Petroff OA, Graham GD, Blamire AM, al-Rayess M, Rothman DL, Fayad PB, Brass LM, Shulman RG, Prichard JW: Spectroscopic imaging of stroke in humans: histopathology correlates of spectral changes. Neurology 1992, 42:1349鈥?354.PubMed CrossRef 9.Oppenheimer SM, Bryan RN, Conturo TE, Soher BJ, Preziosi TJ, Barker PB: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gadolinium-DTPA perfusion imaging of asymptomatic MRI white matter lesions. Magn Rreson Med 1995, 33:61鈥?8.CrossRef 10.Miller BL: A review of chemical issues in 1H NMR spectroscopy: N-acetyl-L-aspartate, creatine, and choline. NMR Biomed 1991, 4:47鈥?2.PubMed CrossRef 11.Van der Grond J, Balm R, Kappelle LJ, Eikelboom BC, Mali WP: Cerebral metabolism of patients with stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery. a 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging study. Stroke 1995, 26:822鈥?28.PubMed CrossRef 12.Ng TC, Comair YG, Xue M, So N, Majors A, Kolem H, Luders H, Modic M: Temporal lobe epilepsy: presurgical localization with proton chemical shift imaging. Radiology 1994, 193:465鈥?72.PubMed CrossRef 13.Ross BM, Eder K, Moszczynska A, Mamalias N, Lamarche J, Ang L, Pandolfo M, Rouleau G, Kirchgessner M, Kish SJ: Abnormal activity of membrane phospholipid synthetic enzymes in the brain of patients with Friedreich鈥檚 ataxia and spinocerebellar atrophy type-1. Mov Disord 2000, 15:294鈥?00.PubMed CrossRef 14.Boesch SM, Schocke M, Burk K, Hollosi P, Fornai F, Aichner FT, Poewe W, Felber S: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging reveals differences in spinocerebellar ataxia types 2 and 6. J Magn Reson Imaging 2001, 13:553鈥?59.PubMed CrossRef 15.Boesch SM, Wolf C, Seppi K, Felber S, Wenning GK, Schocke M: Differentiation of SCA2 from MSA-C using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007, 25:564鈥?69.PubMed CrossRef 16.Oz G, Iltis I, Hutter D, Thomas W, Bushara KO, Gomez CM: Distinct neurochemical profiles of spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 6, and cerebellar multiple system atrophy. Cerebellum 2011, 10:208鈥?17.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 17.Mascalchi M, Tosetti M, Plasmati R, Bianchi MC, Tessa C, Salvi F, Frontali M, Valzania F, Bartolozzi C, Tassinari CA: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in an Italian family with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Ann Neurol 1998, 43:244鈥?52.PubMed CrossRef 18.Lirng JF, Wang PS, Chen HC, Soong BW, Guo WY, Wu HM, Chang CY: Differences between spinocerebellar ataxias and multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. PLoS One 2012, 7:e47925.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 19.Jessen F, Block W, Traber F, Keller E, Flacke S, Lamerichs R, Schild HH, Heun R: Decrease of N-acetylaspartate in the MTL correlates with cognitive decline of AD patients. Neurology 2001, 57:930鈥?32.PubMed CrossRef 20.Brady RO Jr, Cooper A, Jensen JE, Tandon N, Cohen B, Renshaw P, Keshavan M, Ongur D: A longitudinal pilot proton MRS investigation of the manic and euthymic states of bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2012, 2:e160.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 21.Chen J, Guo ZY, Zhang Y, Liang QZ, Liao HY, Su WR, Tang QY, Fu SX, Chen CX, Han XJ: Longitudinal follow-up of patients with mild traumatic brain injury by magnetic resonance spectroscopic technique. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2013, 6:410鈥?12.PubMed CrossRef 22.Sailasuta N, Ross W, Ananworanich J, Chalermchai T, DeGruttola V, Lerdlum S, Pothisri M, Busovaca E, Ratto-Kim S, Jagodzinski L, Spudich S, Michael N, Kim JH, Valcour V: Change in brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy after treatment during acute HIV infection. PLoS One 2012, 7:e49272.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 23.Gilman S, Low PA, Quinn N, Albanese A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Fowler CJ, Kaufmann H, Klockgether T, Lang AE, Lantos PL, Litvan I, Mathias CJ, Oliver E, Robertson D, Schatz I, Wenning GK: Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci 1999, 163:94鈥?8.PubMed CrossRef 24.Estrada R, Galarraga J, Orozco G, Nodarse A, Auburger G: Spinocerebellar ataxia 2 (SCA2): morphometric analyses in 11 autopsies. Acta Neuropathol 1999, 97:306鈥?10.PubMed CrossRef 25.Takiyama Y, Oyanagi S, Kawashima S, Sakamoto H, Saito K, Yoshida M, Tsuji S, Mizuno Y, Nishizawa M: A clinical and pathologic study of a large Japanese family with Machado-Joseph disease tightly linked to the DNA markers on chromosome 14q. Neurology 1994, 44:1302鈥?308.PubMed CrossRef 26.Gomez CM, Thompson RM, Gammack JT, Perlman SL, Dobyns WB, Truwit CL, Zee DS, Clark HB, Anderson JH: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6: gaze-evoked and vertical nystagmus, Purkinje cell degeneration, and variable age of onset. Ann Neurol 1997, 42:933鈥?50.PubMed CrossRef 27.Takahashi H, Ikeuchi T, Honma Y, Hayashi S, Tsuji S: Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (SCA6): clinical, genetic and neuropathological study in a family. Acta Neuropathol 1998, 95:333鈥?37.PubMed CrossRef 28.Koeppen AH, Dickson AC, Lamarche JB, Robitaille Y: Synapses in the hereditary ataxias. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1999, 58:748鈥?64.PubMed CrossRef 29.Koeppen AH: The pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia. Cerebellum 2005, 4:62鈥?3.PubMed CrossRef 30.Lee YC, Liao YC, Wang PS, Lee IH, Lin KP, Soong BW: Comparison of cerebellar ataxias: a three-year prospective longitudinal assessment. Mov Disord 2011, 26:2081鈥?087.PubMed CrossRef 31.Watanabe H, Saito Y, Terao S, Ando T, Kachi T, Mukai E, Aiba I, Abe Y, Tamakoshi A, Doyu M, Hirayama M, Sobue G: Progression and prognosis in multiple system atrophy: an analysis of 230 Japanese patients. Brain 2002, 125:1070鈥?083.PubMed CrossRef 32.Jung BC, Choi SI, Du AX, Cuzzocreo JL, Ying HS, Landman BA, Perlman SL, Baloh RW, Zee DS, Toga AW, Prince JL, Ying SH: MRI shows a region-specific pattern of atrophy in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. Cerebellum 2012, 11:272鈥?79.PubMed CrossRef PubMed Central 33.Camargos ST, Marques W Jr, Santos AC: Brain stem and cerebellum volumetric analysis of Machado Joseph disease patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2011, 69:292鈥?96.PubMed CrossRef 34.Reetz K, Costa AS, Mirzazade S, Lehmann A, Juzek A, Rakowicz M, Boguslawska R, Schols L, Linnemann C, Mariotti C, Grisoli M, Durr A, van de Warrenburg BP, Timmann D, Pandolfo M, Bauer P, Jacobi H, Hauser TK, Klockgether T, Schulz JB: Genotype-specific patterns of atrophy progression are more sensitive than clinical decline in SCA1, SCA3 and SCA6. Brain 2013, 136:905鈥?17.PubMed CrossRef 35.Ross B, Danielsen ER: Introduction of MRS. In Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases, 1999:12鈥?3.
1. Department of Radiology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan 2. Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 3. Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 4. Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine and Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 155, Sec. 2, Linung St, Taipei, Taiwan 5. Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Background Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C) often present with similar clinical manifestations in the beginning. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been proved to be a useful tool to help differentiate different types of SCA and MSA-C on cross-sectional studies. However, longitudinal changes of the MRS metabolites in these subjects have never been reported. The purpose of this study was to track the longitudinal evolution of the MRS metabolites in these patients and to ascertain the correlation between clinical severity measured by Scale of the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and MRS metabolites.