Sexual Stigma, Criminalization, Investment, and Access to HIV Services Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Worldwide

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• 作者：Sonya Arreola (1)
  Glenn-Milo Santos (2) (3)
  Jack Beck (1)
  Mohan Sundararaj (1)
  Patrick A. Wilson (4)
  Pato Hebert (1)
  Keletso Makofane (1)
  Tri D. Do (5)
  George Ayala (1)
  
  1. The Global Forum on MSM and HIV (MSMGF) ; 436 14th Street ; Suite 1500 ; Oakland ; CA ; 94612 ; USA
  2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics ; University of California ; San Francisco ; San Francisco ; CA ; USA
  3. San Francisco Department of Public Health ; San Francisco ; CA ; USA
  4. Mailman School of Public Health ; Columbia University ; New York ; NY ; USA
  5. Center for AIDS Prevention Studies ; University of California ; San Francisco ; San Francisco ; CA ; USA
  
• 关键词：Men who have sex with men (MSM) ; Sexual stigma ; Criminalization of homosexuality ; Country level investment in MSM鈥揌IV services ; Access to HIV services
• 刊名：AIDS and Behavior
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：19
• 期：2
• 页码：227-234
• 全文大小：191 KB
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• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Public Health
  Health Psychology
  Infectious Diseases
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-3254

文摘

Globally, HIV disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM). This study explored associations between access to HIV services and (1) individual-level perceived sexual stigma; (2) country-level criminalization of homosexuality; and (3) country-level investment in HIV services for MSM. 3,340 MSM completed an online survey assessing access to HIV services. MSM from over 115 countries were categorized according to criminalization of homosexuality policy and investment in HIV services targeting MSM. Lower access to condoms, lubricants, and HIV testing were each associated with greater perceived sexual stigma, existence of homosexuality criminalization policies, and less investment in HIV services. Lower access to HIV treatment was associated with greater perceived sexual stigma and criminalization. Criminalization of homosexuality and low investment in HIV services were both associated with greater perceived sexual stigma. Efforts to prevent and treat HIV among MSM should be coupled with structural interventions to reduce stigma, overturn homosexuality criminalization policies, and increase investment in MSM-specific HIV services.