A Comprehensive Evaluation of a Gaseous Portable Emissions Measurement System with a Mobile Reference Laboratory
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- 作者：Tanfeng Cao ; Thomas D. Durbin…
- 刊名：Emission Control Science and Technology
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：July 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：2
- 期：3
- 页码：173-180
- 全文大小：465 KB
- 刊物类别：Environmental Science and Engineering; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Surfaces and Inter
- 刊物主题：Environmental Science and Engineering; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films;
- 出版者：Springer International Publishing
- ISSN：2199-3637
- 卷排序：2
文摘
In-lab and on-road emission comparisons are made between AVL’s M.O.V.E GAS PEMS 493 system and the UCR mobile emissions laboratory (MEL), which served as a Federal Reference Method (FRM) for comparison and validation. These comparisons are made for three different heavy-duty engines with NOx emission certification levels ranging from 0.27 g/kWh (0.2 g/hph) to 5.4 g/kWh (4.0 g/hph). The brake-specific emissions during the Not-To-Exceed (NTE) engine operating zone are compared between the FRM and portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) to quantify the measurement uncertainty of the new commercial PEMS. Overall, the PEMS shows good correlation to the FRM and demonstrate its ability to measure a wide variety range of emission levels. The PEMS brake-specific NOx (bsNOx) measurement is well-behaved with +5 to −10 % relative error over the 1.0 to 7.0-g/kWh range. Further, the relative NOx error ranged from a +15 to −15 % over the 0.1 to 1-g/kWh range. The relative NOx error increases sharply below 0.1 g/kWh from 15 % to more than 50 % at 0.02 g/kWh. The relative error below 0.10 g/kWh is high due to the very low NOx emission rates that approach the detection limit of both the raw PEMS and dilute FRM measurement methods. The PEMS bsCO2 average bias is observed to be slightly higher than the MEL reference laboratory at 2 % overall. The PEMS NMHC and CO emissions were on average −11.8 and −3.6 % compared to the MEL for the 2006 engine, respectively. The main purpose of this study was to determine the measurement uncertainty of recently released PEMS in comparison with legacy and ultra-low emission modern heavy-duty vehicles.KeywordsPEMS40CFR1065Real world emissions