Mycobacterium ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer): Potential Reservoirs and Vectors

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• 作者：Katharina R枚ltgen ; Gerd Pluschke
• 关键词：Mycobacterium ulcerans ; Buruli ulcer ; Neglected tropical disease ; Animal reservoir ; Possums
• 刊名：Current Clinical Microbiology Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：2
• 期：1
• 页码：35-43
• 全文大小：552KB
• 参考文献：Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: 鈥?Of importance 鈥⑩€?Of major importance1.Junghanss T, Johnson RC, Pluschke G. Mycobacterium ulcerans disease. In: Farrar J, Hotez PJ, Junghanss T, Kang G, Lalloo D, White N, editors. Manson鈥檚 tropical diseases. 23rd ed. Edinburgh: Saunders; 2014. p. 519鈥?1.CrossRef
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• 作者单位：Katharina R枚ltgen (1) (2)
  Gerd Pluschke (1) (2)
  
  1. Molecular Immunology Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
  2. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  
• 刊物类别：Medical Microbiology;
• 刊物主题：Medical Microbiology;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2196-5471

文摘

Mycobacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen causing the skin infection Buruli ulcer (BU), one of the most neglected tropical diseases. BU is characterized by the formation of chronic, necrotizing skin lesions. This pathology is mainly attributed to the cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities of the unique polyketide-derived macrolide toxin mycolactone secreted by the pathogen. The disease has been reported from more than 30 countries worldwide, with an extremely focal geographic distribution within endemic countries and highest incidences in remote communities of West/Central Africa and also certain coastal areas of Australia. While M. ulcerans has long been considered an environmental bacterium, recent findings from south-eastern Australia, identifying possums as probable reservoirs of infection, indicate its zoonotic potential. The exact route of M. ulcerans transmission is unclear, although it is commonly assumed that infection takes place either through physical contact with environmental reservoirs via skin abrasions or through insect bites, while direct human-to-human transmission seems to be rare. Keywords Mycobacterium ulcerans Buruli ulcer Neglected tropical disease Animal reservoir Possums