Reinforcement of Rubber and Filler Network Dynamics at Small Strains

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• 关键词：Carbon black ; Dynamics ; Reinforcement ; Rubber
• 刊名：Advances in Polymer Science
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：275
• 期：1
• 页码：71-102
• 全文大小：1,359 KB
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• 作者单位：Lewis B. Tunnicliffe (22) (23)
  James J. C. Busfield (22)
  
  22. Materials Research Institute & School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
  23. Birla Carbon Technical Centre, 1800 West Oak Commons Court, Marietta, GA, 30062, USA
  
• 丛书名：Designing of Elastomer Nanocomposites: From Theory to Applications
• ISBN：978-3-319-47696-4
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Polymer Sciences
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1436-5030
• 卷排序：275

文摘

Carbon black particulate reinforcement of rubber is examined in terms of linear viscoelasticity and the dynamics of the filler particle network. First, it is demonstrated that for the case of purely hydrodynamic reinforcement, the dynamics of the filled rubber are equivalent to those of the corresponding unfilled material. A breakdown in thermorheological simplicity is observed with the onset of filler networking in reinforced compounds. The dynamics of the filler network are initially examined by strain sweep/recovery experiments performed on uncrosslinked materials. The role of the surface activity of carbon black in defining the rate and magnitude of flocculation is explored and various models to describe this process are reviewed. The dynamics of carbon black filler networks in crosslinked materials are probed using small strain torsional creep experiments. Physical ageing (structural relaxation) of filled compounds at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature of the rubber matrix is observed and the ageing rate is found to scale with the level of filler networking in the various compounds. Physical ageing is the result of non-equilibrium, slow dynamics, which sheds light on the physical origin of the filler network. Furthermore, the implications of physical ageing of highly filled rubbers on typical linear viscoelastic time–temperature superposition experiments are discussed.