2014 Fort Hood, Texas, mass casualty incident: reviews and perspectives

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• 作者：Joshua J. Strommen ; Scott M. Waterman…
• 关键词：Mass casualty incident ; Triage ; Penetrating injury ; Penetrating extremity injury ; Active shooter ; Fort Hood
• 刊名：Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：8
• 期：3
• 页码：298-303
• 全文大小：260 KB
• 参考文献：Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: 鈥?Of importance 鈥⑩€?Of major importance1.Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 鈥淒eaths: final data for 2011鈥? Available from: http://鈥媤ww.鈥媍dc.鈥媑ov/鈥媙chs/鈥媎ata/鈥媙vsr/鈥媙vsr63/鈥媙vsr63_鈥?3.鈥媝df
  2.Peleg K, Jaffe DH, The Israel Trauma Group. Are injuries from terror and war similar? A comparison study of civilians and soldiers. Ann Surg. 2010;252:363鈥?.PubMed View Article
  3.Schenk E, Wijetunge G, Mann NC, Lerner EB, Longthorne A, Dawson D. Epidemiology of mass casualty incidents in the United States. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(3):408鈥?6.PubMed View Article
  4.鈥?/div>Blair JP, Schweit KW. A study of active shooter incidents, 2000鈥?013. Texas State University and Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington D.C. 2014. Available from: http://鈥媤ww.鈥媐bi.鈥媑ov/鈥媙ews/鈥媠tories/鈥?014/鈥媠eptember/鈥媐bi-releases-study-on-active-shooter-incidents/鈥媝dfs/鈥媋-study-of-active-shooter-incidents-in-the-u.鈥媠.鈥?between-2000-and-2013 . A very in-depth analysis of all significant active shooter events since 2000. The detail described in all aspects of an active shooter incident from the numbers of wounded and killed, to where the shooting took place and how it ended gives a picture to help with future responses to these scenarios.
  5.鈥⑩€?/div>Kragh JF, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, Holcomb JB. Survival with emergency tourniquet use to stop bleeding in major limb trauma. Ann Surg. 2009;249(1):1鈥?. One of the first confirmatory studies showing that tourniquet use was strongly associated with saving lives from major limb trauma.
  6.鈥?/div>Jacobs L, Burns KJ. The Hartford Consensus to improve survivability in mass casualty events: process to policy. Am J Disaster Med. 2014;9(1):67鈥?1. This document exemplifies the unity and dedication for a national movement to decrease mortality in mass casualty shooting events. Local, state, and national authorities from law enforcement, military, and medical specialties joined together in this effort.PubMed View Article
  7.Jenkins JL, Kelen GD, Sauer LM, Frederickson KA, McCarthy ML. Review of hospital preparedness instruments for National Incident Management System compliance. Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(1):S83鈥?.View Article
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  9.Fitzharris M, Stevenson M, Middleton P, Sinclair G. Adherence with the pre-hospital triage protocol in the transport of injured patients in an urban setting. Injury. 2012;43(9):1368鈥?6.PubMed View Article
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  11.Kragh JF, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, et al. Practical use of emergency tourniquets to stop bleeding in major limb trauma. J Trauma-Inj Infect Crit Care. 2008;64(2):S38鈥?0.View Article
  12.Noordin S, McEwen JA, Kragh JF, Eisen A, Masri BA. Surgical tourniquets in orthopaedics. Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91:2958鈥?7.View Article
  
• 作者单位：Joshua J. Strommen (1)
  Scott M. Waterman (2)
  Christopher A. Mitchell (1)
  Brian F. Grogan (2)
  
  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, 36000 Darnall Loop, Fort Hood, TX, 76554, USA
  2. Department of Orthopedics, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, 36000 Darnall Loop, Fort Hood, TX, 76554, USA
  
• 刊物主题：Orthopedics; Rehabilitation Medicine; Sports Medicine; Surgical Orthopedics; Minimally Invasive Surgery; Surgery;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1935-9748

文摘

On April 2, 2014, in Fort Hood, Texas, an active shooter incident occurred where four active duty soldiers were tragically killed. Active shooter incidents are becoming alarmingly more frequent over the last decade in the USA. The authors provide a detailed account of the events that occurred within the hospital and an evaluation of the triage decisions made on that day. A detailed review of mass casualty preparedness and the general approach to triage processes are also described.