The mammalian circadian clock and its entrainment by stress and exercise
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- 作者：Yu Tahara ; Shinya Aoyama ; Shigenobu Shibata
- 关键词：Mammalian circadian clock ; Liver ; Muscle ; Oxidative stress
- 刊名：The Journal of Physiological Sciences
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：January 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：67
- 期：1
- 页码：1-10
- 全文大小：1044KB
- 刊物主题：Human Physiology; Neurosciences; Animal Biochemistry; Animal Physiology; Cell Physiology; Neurobiology;
- 出版者：Springer Japan
- ISSN：1880-6562
- 卷排序：67
文摘
The mammalian circadian clock regulates day–night fluctuations in various physiological processes. The circadian clock consists of the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and peripheral clocks in peripheral tissues. External environmental cues, including light/dark cycles, food intake, stress, and exercise, provide important information for adjusting clock phases. This review focuses on stress and exercise as potent entrainment signals for both central and peripheral clocks, especially in regard to the timing of stimuli, types of stressors/exercises, and differences in the responses of rodents and humans. We suggest that the common signaling pathways of clock entrainment by stress and exercise involve sympathetic nervous activation and glucocorticoid release. Furthermore, we demonstrate that physiological responses to stress and exercise depend on time of day. Therefore, using exercise to maintain the circadian clock at an appropriate phase and amplitude might be effective for preventing obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.