An adaptive reversible steganographic scheme based on the just noticeable distortion

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• 作者：Chuan Qin (1)
  Chin-Chen Chang (2) (3)
  Chia-Chun Lin (4)
  
  1. School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering ; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ; Shanghai ; 200093 ; China
  2. Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science ; Feng Chia University ; 100 Wenhwa Road ; Taichung ; 40724 ; Taiwan
  3. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering ; Asia University ; Taichung ; 41354 ; Taiwan
  4. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering ; National Chung Cheng University ; Chiayi ; 62102 ; Taiwan
  
• 关键词：Reversible data hiding ; Just noticeable distortion ; Embedding rate ; Visual quality
• 刊名：Multimedia Tools and Applications
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：74
• 期：6
• 页码：1983-1995
• 全文大小：987 KB
• 参考文献：1. Chang, CC, Lin, CC, Tseng, CS, Tai, WL (2007) Reversible hiding in DCT-based compressed images. Inf Sci 177: pp. 2768-2786 CrossRef
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  4. Fridrich, J, Goljan, M, Du, R (2002) Lossless data embedding鈥攏ew paradigm in digital watermarking. EURASIP J Appl Signal Process 2002: pp. 185-196 CrossRef
  5. Hong, W, Chen, TS (2011) Reversible data embedding for high quality images using interpolation and reference pixel distribution mechanism. J Vis Commun Image Represent 22: pp. 131-140 CrossRef
  6. Jung, SW, Ha, LT, Ko, SJ (2011) A new histogram modification based reversible data hiding algorithm considering the human visual system. IEEE Signal Process Lett 18: pp. 95-98 CrossRef
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  15. Watson AB (1993) DCT quantization matrices visually optimized for individual images. Proceedings of SPIE Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display IV, Bellingham, WA, pp 202鈥?16
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• 刊物类别：Computer Science
• 刊物主题：Multimedia Information Systems
  Computer Communication Networks
  Data Structures, Cryptology and Information Theory
  Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-7721

文摘

In this paper, we propose an adaptive reversible steganographic scheme based on the just noticeable distortion (JND). First, the JND value of each cover pixel is calculated using the frequency model of the human visual system (HVS). Then, the prediction value of the cover pixel is acquired by anisotropic interpolation, and also the pixel distribution characteristic is estimated. Finally, whether the cover pixel is embeddable or not is adaptively determined according to the relationship between the prediction error and the JND value. The embedding procedure is based on modifying the prediction error of each cover pixel, and the visual degradation caused by embedding is imperceptible due to the control of JND. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme provides a greater embedding rate and higher quality of stego image than other methods that have been reported recently.