Ecological functions of uncultured microorganisms in the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust of a seamount in the central Pacific are elucidated by fosmid sequencing

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• 作者：Yingyi Huo ; Hong Cheng ; Anton F. Post ; Chunsheng Wang&#8230
• 关键词：seamount ; cobalt ; rich ferromanganese crust ; metagenome ; horizontal gene transfer
• 刊名：Acta Oceanologica Sinica
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：34
• 期：4
• 页码：92-113
• 全文大小：2,711 KB
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• 作者单位：Yingyi Huo (1) (2)
  Hong Cheng (3)
  Anton F. Post (4)
  Chunsheng Wang (1) (2)
  Xiawei Jiang (5)
  Jie Pan (3)
  Min Wu (3)
  Xuewei Xu (1) (2)
  
  1. Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou, 310012, China
  3. College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
  4. Marine Biology Laboratory, The Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
  5. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
  
• 刊物主题：Oceanography; Climatology; Ecology; Engineering Fluid Dynamics; Marine & Freshwater Sciences; Environmental Chemistry;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1869-1099

文摘

Cobalt-rich ferromanganese is an important seafloor mineral and is abundantly present in the seamount crusts. Such crusts form potential hotspots for biogeochemical activity and microbial diversity, yet our understanding of their microbial communities is lacking. In this study, a cultivation-independent approach was used to recover genomic information and derive ecological functions of the microbes in a sediment sample collected from the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust of a seamount region in the central Pacific. A total of 78 distinct clones were obtained by fosmid library screening with a 16S rRNA based PCR method. Proteobacteria and MGI Thaumarchaeota dominated the bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequence results in the microbial community. Nine fosmid clones were sequenced and annotated. Numerous genes encoding proteins involved in metabolic functions and heavy metal resistance were identified, suggesting alternative metabolic pathways and stress responses that are essential for microbial survival in the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust. In addition, genes that participate in the synthesis of organic acids and exoploymers were discovered. Reconstruction of the metabolic pathways revealed that the nitrogen cycle is an important biogeochemical process in the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust. In addition, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events have been observed, and most of them came from bacteria, with some occurring in archaea and plants. Clone W4-93a, belonging to MGI Thaumarchaeota, contained a region of gene synteny. Comparative analyses suggested that a high frequency of HGT events as well as genomic divergence play important roles in the microbial adaption to the deep-sea environment.