Crustal stress state and seismic hazard along southwest segment of the Longmenshan thrust belt after Wenchuan Earthquake
详细信息 查看全文
- 作者：Xianghui Qin (1) (2)
Chengxuan Tan (1) (2)
Qunce Chen (1) (2)
Manlu Wu (1) (2)
Chengjun Feng (1) (2) - 关键词：Wenchuan Earthquake ; Longmenshan thrust belt ; in ; situ stress measurement ; crustal stress state ; Coulomb failure criterion ; seismic hazard
- 刊名：Journal of Earth Science
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：August 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：25
- 期：4
- 页码：676-688
- 全文大小：1,612 KB
- 参考文献：1. Allan, C. R., 1991. Field Study of a Highly Active Fault Zone: The Xianshuihe Fault of Southwestern China. / Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 103(9): 1178-199. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103 CrossRef
2. Amadei, B., Stephansson, O., 1997. Rock Stress and Its Measurement. Chapman & Hall, London CrossRef
3. Barton, C. A., Zoback, M. D., Moos, D., 1995. Fluid Flow along Potentially Active Faults in Crystalline Rock. / Geology, 23: 683-86 CrossRef
4. Blanpied, M. L., Lockner, D. A., Byerlee, J. D., 1991. Fault Stability Inferred from Granite Sliding Experiments at Hydrothennal Conditions. / Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(4): 609-12. doi:10.1029/91GL00469 CrossRef
5. Blanpied, M. L., Lockner, D. A., Byerlee, J. D., 1995. Frictional Slip of Granite at Hydrothermal Conditions. / J. Geophys. Res. (S / olid Earth), 100(B7): 13045-3064. doi:10.1029/95JB00862 CrossRef
6. Brace, W. F., Kohlstedt, D. L., 1980. Limits on Lithospheric Stress Imposed by Laboratory Experiments. / J. Geophys. Res., 85(B11): 6248-252 CrossRef
7. Brown, E. T., Hoek, E., 1978. Trends in Relationship between Measured In-Situ Stresses and Depth. / Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr., 15: 211-15 CrossRef
8. Burchfiel, B. C., Royden, L. H., van der Hilst, R. D., et al., 2008. A Geological and Geophysical Context for the Wenchuan Earthquake of 12 May 2008, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China. / GSA Today, 18(7): 4-1. doi:10.1130/GSATG18A.1 CrossRef
9. Byerlee, J. D., 1978. Friction of Rocks. / Pure & Applied Geophysics, 116(4/5): 615-26 CrossRef
10. Carpenter, B. M., Marone, C., Saffer, D. M., 2009. Frictional Behavior of Materials in the 3D SAFOD Volume. / Geophys. Res. Lett., 36: L05320. doi:10.1029/2008gl036660
11. Deng, Q. D., Chen, S. F., Zhao, X. L., 1994. Tectonics, Seismicity, and Dynamics of the Longmen Shan Mountains and Its Adjacent Region. / Seismology and Geology, 16(4): 389-03 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
12. Deng, Q. D., Zhang, P. Z., Ran, Y. K., et al., 2003. Basic Characteristics of Active Tectonics of China. / Science in China Series D: / Earth Sciences, 46(4): 356-72
13. Feng, C. J., Chen, Q. C., Wu, M. L., et al., 2012. Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurement Data-Discussion of Methods Frequently Used to Determine Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure. / Rock and Soil Mechanics, 33(7): 2149-159 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
14. Guo, Q. L., Wang, C. H., Ma, H. S., et al., 2009. In-Situ Hydr-fracture Stress Measurement before and after the Wenchuan / Ms 8 Earthquake of China. / Chinese J. Geophys., 52(5): 1395-401. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.05.029
15. Haimson, B. C., 1980. Near-Surface and Deep Hydrofracturing Stress Measurements in the Waterloo Quartzite. / Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 17: 81-8 CrossRef
16. Haimson, B. C., Cornet, F. H., 2003. ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Stress Estimation-Part 3: Hydraulic Fracturing (HF) and/or Hydraulic Testing of Pre-Existing Fractures (HTPF). / Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 40: 1011-020. doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2003.08.002 CrossRef
17. Hayashi, K., Haimson, B. C., 1991. Characteristics of Shut-In Curves in Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements and Determination of In Situ Minimum Compressive Stress. / J. Geophys. Res., 96(B11): 18311-8321 CrossRef
18. Hubbard, J., Shaw, J. H., 2009. Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan Plateau, and the 2008 Wenchuan ( / M=7.9) Earthquake. / Nature, 458: 194-97. doi:10.1038/nature07837 CrossRef
19. Hubbard, J., Shaw, J. H., Klinger, Y., 2010. Structural Setting of the 2008 / Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake. / Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 100(5B): 2713-735. doi:10.1785/0120090341 CrossRef
20. Institute of Crustal Dynamics, 2003. Hydro-Fracture In-Situ Stress Measurements in ZK1 Borehole in Xiaotiandu Hydropower Station. Seismological Press, Beijing (in Chinese)
21. Jaeger, J. C., Cook, N. G. W., Zimmerman, R. W., 2007. Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics (4th Edition). Blackwell Publishing, Oxford
22. Jia, D., Li, Y. Q., Lin, A. M., et al., 2010. Structural Model of 2008 / Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Rejuvenated Longmen Shan Thrust Belt, China. / Tectonophysics, 491: 174-84. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.08040 CrossRef
23. Jin, W. Z., Tang, L. J., Yang, K. M., et al., 2010. Segment of the Longmen Mountains Thrust Belt, Western Sichuan Foreland Basin, SW China. / Tectonophysics, 485: 107-21. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.12.007 CrossRef
24. Jing, F., Sheng, Q., Zhang, Y. H., 2007. Research on Distribution Rule of Shallow Crustal Geostress in China Mainland. / Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng., 26(10): 2057-062 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
25. Jones, O. T., 1942. Faulting and Dyke Formation-The Dynamics of Faulting and Dyke Formation: With Application to Britain, / Nature, 3789: 651-52 CrossRef
26. Li, F. Q., Zhang, B. C., Su, K. Z., 1993. Reservoir Induced Earthquake Risk in the Yangtze Gorges Dam Area. Seismological Press, Beijing (in Chinese)
27. Li, H. B., Wang, H., Xu, Z. Q., et al., 2013. Characteristics of the Fault-Related Rocks, Fault Zone and the Principal Slip Zone in the Wenchuan Earthquake Scientific Drilling Project Hole-1 (WSFD-1). / Tectonophysics, 584: 23-2. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.021 CrossRef
28. Li, Y. Q., Jia, D., Shaw, J. H., et al., 2010. Structural Interpretation of the Co-Seismic Faults of the Wenchuan Earthquake: Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Longmen Shan Fold-and-Thrust Belt. / J. Geophys. Res., 115. doi:10.1029/2009JB006824
29. Li, Z. W., Liu, S. G., Chen, H. D., et al., 2008. Structural Segmentation and Zonation and Differential across and along the Longmen Thrust Belt, West Sichuan, China. / Journal of Chengdu University of Technology ( / Science & Technology Edition), 35(4): 440-53 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
30. Liao, C. T., Zhang, C. S., Wu, M. L., et al., 2003. Stress Change near the Kunlun Fault before and after the / M s 8.1 Kunlun Earthquake. / Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(20). doi:10.1029/2003GL018106
31. Lin, A. M., Ren, Z. K., Jia, D., et al., 2009. Co-Seismic Thrusting Rupture and Slip Distribution Produced by the 2008 / M w 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake, China. / Tectonophysics, 471(3/4): 203-15. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.014 CrossRef
32. Lin, W. R., Saito, S., Sanada, Y., et al., 2011. Principal Horizontal Stress Orientations Prior to the 2011 / Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake in Its Source Area. / Geophys. Res. Lett., 38: L00G10. doi:10.1029/2011GL049097
33. Lin, W. R., Conin, M., Moore, C., et al., 2013. Stress State in the Largest Displacement Area of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake. / Science, 339: 687-90. doi:10.1126/science.129379 CrossRef
34. Liu, B. Y., Shi B. P., 2011. The State of Stress of the / Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake Faulting and Its Implication to the Aftershock Hazard. / Chinese J. Geophys., 54(4): 1002-009. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.04.015
35. Liu, J., Xiong, T. Y., Zhao, Y., et al., 2012. Kinematic Characteristics of Longmenshan Active Fault Zone and Its Tectonic Implication. / J. Jilin Univ. (E / arth Sci.), 42(S2), 320-30 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
36. Lockner, D. A., Summers, R., Byerlee, J. D., 1986. Effects of Temperature and Sliding Rate on Frictional Strength of Granite. / Pure Applied Geophysics, 124: 445-69 CrossRef
37. Luo, G., Liu, M., 2010. Stress Evolution and Fault Interactions before and after the 2008 Great Wenchuan Earthquake, / Tectonophysics, 491: 127-40. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.12.019 CrossRef
38. Papadimitriou, E., Wen, X. Z., Karakostas, V., et al., 2004. Earthquake Triggering along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Western Sichuan, China. / Pure and Applied Geophysics, 161(8): 1683-707. doi:10.1007/s00024-003-2471-4 CrossRef
39. Parsons, T., Ji, C., Kirby, E., 2008. Stress Changes from the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and Increased Hazard in the Sichuan Basin. / Nature, 454(7203): 509-10. doi:10.1038/nature07177 CrossRef
40. Qi, S. W., Xu, Q., Lan, H. X., et al., 2010. Spatial Distribution Analysis of Landslides Triggered by 2008.5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake, China. / Engineering Geology, 116: 95-08. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.07.011 CrossRef
41. Ran, Y. K., Chen, L. C., Cheng, J. W., et al., 2008. Late Quaternary Surface Deformation and Rupture Behavior of Strong Earthquake on the Segment North of Mianning of the Anninghe Fault. / Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 51(9): 1224-237. doi:10.1007/s11430-008-0104-6 CrossRef
42. Shan, B., Xiong, X., Zheng, Y., et al., 2009. Stress Changes on Major Faults Caused by / Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake, May 12, 2008. / Science in China Series D: / Earth Sciences, 52(5): 593-01. doi:10.1007/s11430-009-0060-9 CrossRef
43. Shan, B., Xiong, X., Wang, R. J., et al., 2013. Coulomb Stress Evolution along Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault System since 1713 and Its Interaction with Wenchuan Earthquake, May 12, 2008. / Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 377/378: 199-10. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.06.044 CrossRef
44. Shao, Z. G., Zhou, L. Q., Jiang, C. S., et al., 2010. The Impact of Wenchuan / Ms 8.0 Earthquake on the Seismic Activity of Surrounding Faults. / Chinese J. Geophys., 53(8): 1784-795. doi:10.3969/j.issn.001-5733.2010.08.04
45. Su, S. R., Huang, R. Q., Wang, S. T., 2002. Effect of Faults on In Situ Stress and Application in Engineering. Science Press, Beijing. 21-0 (in Chinese)
46. Tang, C., Zhu, J., Qi, X., et al., 2011. Landslides Induced by the Wenchuan Earthquake and the Subsequent Strong Rainfall Event: A Case Study in the Beichuan Area of China. / Engineering Geology, (122): 22-3. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.03.013
47. Tang, H. M., Jia, H. B., Hu, X. L., et al., 2010. Characteristics of Landslides Induced by the Great Wenchuan Earthquake. / Journal of Earth Science, 21(1): 104-13. doi:10.1007/s12583-010-0008-1 CrossRef
48. Tang, W. Q., Liu, Y. P., Chen, Z. L., et al., 2004. GPS Study on Longmenshan Fracture Belt Zone. / Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 24(3): 57-9 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
49. Toda, S. J., Lin, J., Meghraoui, M., et al., 2008. 12 May 2008 / M=7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake Calculated to Increase Failure Stress and Seismicity Rate on Three Major Fault Systems. / Geophys. Res. Lett., 35(17). doi:10.1029/2008GL034903
50. Verberne, B. A., He, C. R., Spiers, C. J., 2010. Frictional Properties of Sedimentary Rocks and Natural Fault Gouge from the Longmen Shan Fault Zone, Sichuan, China. / Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 100: 2767-790. doi:10.1785/0120090287 CrossRef
51. Wan, Y. G., Shen, Z. K., Sheng, S. Z., et al., 2009. The Influence of 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake on Surrounding Faults. / Acta Seismologica Sinica, 31(2): 128-39 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
52. Wan, Y. G., Shen, Z. K., 2010. Static Coulomb Stress Changes on Faults Caused by the 2008 / M w 7.9 Wenchuan, China Earthquake. / Tectonophysics, 491(1-): 105-18. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2010.03.017 CrossRef
53. Wang, H., Liu, J., Shi, Y. L., et al., 2008. Dynamic Modeling of Interactions between Big Earthquakes along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone. / Science in China Series D: / Earth Sciences, 51(10): 1388-400. doi:10.1007/s11430-008-0110-8 CrossRef
54. Wang, Y. H., Cui, X. F., Hu, X. P., et al., 2012. Study on the Stress State in Upper Crust of China Mainland Based on In-Situ Stress Measurements. / Chinese J. Geophys., 55(9): 3016-027. doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.020 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
55. Wen, X. Z., Ma, S. L., Xu, X. W., et al., 2008. Historical Pattern and Behavior of Earthquake Ruptures along the Eastern Boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan-Block, Southwestern China. / Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 168(1/2): 16-6. doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2008.04.013 CrossRef
56. Wen, X. Z., Zhang, P. Z., Du, F., et al., 2009. The Background of Historical and Modern Seismic Activities of Occurrence of the / M s 8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan Earthquake. / Chinese J. Geophys., 52(2): 444-54 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
57. Wen, X. Z., Du, F., Zhang, P. Z., et al., 2011. Correlation of Major Earthquake Sequences on the Northern and Eastern Boundaries of the Bayan Har Block, and Its Relation to the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. / Chinese J. Geophys., 54(3): 706-16. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.03.010 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
58. Wu, M. L., Zhang, Y. Q., Liao, C. T., et al., 2009. Preliminary Results of In-Situ Stress Measurements along the Longmenshan Fault Zone after the Wenchuan / M s 8.0 Earthquake. / Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(4): 746-53 CrossRef
59. Wu, Z. H., Barosh, P. J., Zhang, Z. C., et al., 2012. Effect from the Wenchuan Earthquake and Seismic Hazard in the Longmenshan Mountains at the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau. / Engineering Geology, (143/144): 28-6. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2012.06.006
60. Xie, F. R., Cui, X. F., Zhao, J. T., 2004. Regional Division of the Recent Tectonic Stress Field in China and Adjacent Area. / Chinese J. Geophys., 47(4): 654-62 (in Chinese with English Abstract) CrossRef
61. Xie, F. R., Qiu, Z. H., Wang, Y., et al., 2005. Earth Stress Observation and Earthquake Prediction. / Recent Developments in World Seismology, 317(5): 54-9 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
62. Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Dai, F. C., et al., 2012. Landslide Hazard Mapping Using GIS and Weight of Evidence Model in Qingshui River Watershed of 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake Struck Region. / Journal of Earth Science, 23(1): 97-20. doi:10.1007/s12583-012-0236-7 CrossRef
63. Xu, X. W., Wen, X. Z., Zhen, R. Z., et al., 2003, Pattern of Latest Tectonic Motion and Its Dynamics for Active Blocks in Sichuan-Yunnan Region, China. / Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 46(Suppl.): 210-26. doi:10.1360/03dz0017
64. Xu, Z. Q., Ji, S. C., Li, H. B., et al., 2008. Uplift of the Longmen Shan Range and the Wenchuan Earthquake. / Episodes, 31(3): 291-01
65. Yang, S. X., Yao, R., Cui, X. F., 2012. Analysis of the Characteristics of Measured Stress in Chinese Mainland and Its Active Block and North-South Seismic Belt. / Chinese J. Geophys., 55(12): 4207-217. doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.12.032 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
66. Yi, G. X., Wen, X. Z., Wang, S. W., et al., 2006. Study on Fault Sliding Behaviors and Strong Earthquake Risk of the Longmenshan-Minshan Fault Zones from Current Seismicity Parameters. / Earthquake Research in China, 22(2): 117-25 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
67. Yi, G. X., Long, F., Zhang, Z. W., 2012. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Focal Mechanisms for Aftershocks of the 2008 / M s 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake. / Chinese J. Geophys., 55(4): 1213-227. doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.04.017 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
68. Zhang, L., He, C. R., 2013, Frictional Properties of Natural Gouges from Longmenshan Fault Zone Ruptured during the Wenchuan / M w 7.9 Earthquake. / Tectonophysics, 594: 149-64. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2013.03.030 CrossRef
69. Zhang, P. Z., Xu, X. W., Wen, X. Z., et al., 2008. Slip Rates and Recurrence Intervals of the Longmenshan Active Fault Zone and Tectonic Implications for the Mechanism of the May 12 Wenchuan Earthquake, 2008, Sichuan, China. / Chinese J. Geophys., 51(4): 1066-073 (in Chinese with English Abstract) CrossRef
70. Zhang, Q. W., Zhang, P. Z., Wang, C., et al., 2003. Earthquake Triggering and Delaying Caused by Fault Interaction on Xianshuihe Fault Belt, Southwestern China. / Acta Seismologica Sinica, 25(2): 156-65 CrossRef
71. Zhao, D. A., Chen, Z. M., Cai, X. L., et al., 2007. Analysis of Distribution Rule of Geostress in China. / Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng., 26(6): 1265-271 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
72. Zheng, Y., Ma, H., Lü, J., et al., 2009. Source Mechanism of Strong Aftershocks ( / Ms?.6) the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan Earthquake and the Implication for Seismotectonics. / Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 52(5): 739-53. doi:10.1007/s11430-009-0074-3 CrossRef
73. Zhou, Y. S., He, C. R., 2009. The Rheological Structures of Crustal and Mechanics of High-Angle Reverse Fault Slip for Wenchuan / M s 8.0 Earthquake. / Chinese J. Geophys., 52(2): 474-84 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
74. Zhu, H., Wen, X. Z., 2010. Static Stress Triggering Effects Related with / Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake. / Journal of Earth Science, 21(1): 32-1. doi:10.1007/s12583-010-0001-8 CrossRef
75. Zoback, M. D., Healy, J. H., 1992. In-Situ Stress Measurements to 3.5 km Depth in the Cajon Pass Scientific Research Borehole: Implications for the Mechanics of Crustal Faulting. / J. Geophys. Res., 97(B4): 5039-057 CrossRef
76. Zoback, M. D., Townend, J., 2001. Implications of the Hydrostatic Pore Pressures and High Crustal Strength for the Deformation of Intraplate Lithosphere. / Tectonophysics, 336(1-): 19-0 CrossRef
77. Zoback, M. D., 2007. Reservoir Geomechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 123-39 CrossRef - 作者单位：Xianghui Qin (1) (2)
Chengxuan Tan (1) (2)
Qunce Chen (1) (2)
Manlu Wu (1) (2)
Chengjun Feng (1) (2)
1. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
2. Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement & Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 100081, China - ISSN：1867-111X
文摘
The crustal stress and seismic hazard estimation along the southwest segment of the Longmenshan thrust belt after the Wenchuan Earthquake was conducted by hydraulic fracturing for in-situ stress measurements in four boreholes at the Ridi, Wasigou, Dahegou, and Baoxing sites in 2003, 2008, and 2010. The data reveals relatively high crustal stresses in the Kangding region (Ridi, Wasigou, and Dahegou sites) before and after the Wenchuan Earthquake, while the stresses were relatively low in the short time after the earthquake. The crustal stress in the southwest of the Longmenshan thrust belt, especially in the Kangding region, may not have been totally released during the earthquake, and has since increased. Furthermore, the Coulomb failure criterion and Byerlee’s law are adopted to analyzed in-situ stress data and its implications for fault activity along the southwest segment. The magnitudes of in-situ stresses are still close to or exceed the expected lower bound for fault activity, revealing that the studied region is likely to be active in the future. From the conclusions drawn from our and other methods, the southwest segment of the Longmenshan thrust belt, especially the Baoxing region, may present a future seismic hazard.