文摘
Background In early gastric cancer (EGC) cases with lymphovascular invasion or positive vertical margins after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), additional radical gastrectomy is performed on principle. However, an additional surgery is often difficult to consider if the surgical approach itself is challenging or the patient refuses surgery. In such cases, only close surveillance is performed without additional surgical procedures. This study aimed to examine the difference in clinical prognosis of EGC cases with lymphovascular invasion or positive vertical margins after ESD either with or without surgery.