Risk Assessment of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in Japan

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• 作者：Kiyotaka Tsunemi
• 关键词：Ecological risk ; Exposure assessment ; Human health risk ; Multimedia model ; Risk assessment ; Short ; chain chlorinated paraffins
• 刊名：The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：10
• 期：1
• 页码：155-194
• 全文大小：467.6 KB

文摘

The objective of this chapter is to assess the ecological and human health risk of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) via the environment in Japan. First, release sources of SCCPs are identified based on the substance flow analysis, and the volume of their releases is estimated. Next, the behavior of SCCPs in the environment is estimated using a multimedia model, and the estimated SCCPs concentrations in the environment and food are validated with measured concentrations. Then, the endpoints and doses of SCCPs as the criteria for ecological and human health risk assessment are derived through the review of the existing toxicological data. Finally, risk characterization is performed based on the results of exposure assessment and dose-response assessment. As a result, it is determined that there is little need to be concerned about potential ecological risk to aquatic, sediment-dwelling, and soil-dwelling organisms in local areas and the regions in Japan. As far as human health risk is concerned, the Margins of exposure are 1.5 ¡Á 105 and 2.2 ¡Á 106, which are larger than uncertainty factors. Thus, it is determined that there is no significant human health risk via the environment.