Fecundity and sexual size dimorphism of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) along an elevational gradient in the Arctic

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• 作者：Joseph J. Bowden (1)
  Toke T. H?ye (2) (3) (4)
  Christopher M. Buddle (5)
  
• 关键词：Altitudinal gradient ; Yukon Territory ; Pardosa ; Alopecosa ; Body size
• 刊名：Polar Biology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：36
• 期：6
• 页码：831-836
• 全文大小：240KB
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• 作者单位：Joseph J. Bowden (1)
  Toke T. H?ye (2) (3) (4)
  Christopher M. Buddle (5)
  
  1. Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, No. 0116, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
  2. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Gren?vej 14, 8410, R?nde, Denmark
  3. Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
  4. Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Group, Department of Bioscience, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
  5. Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
  
• ISSN：1432-2056

文摘

Fecundity and body size are central fitness-related traits, and their intra-specific responses to environmental variation are receiving increasing attention in the context of climate change. Recent results from Greenland indicate that temporal and spatial variation in body size differences between sexes (sexual size dimorphism) may be widespread among wolf spider species and could be related to climate. Here, we tested whether variation in elevation affected body size of three wolf spider (Araneae: Lycosidae) species in low-Arctic Canada, whether the sexes differed in their response to the cline, and whether changes in local density influenced this relationship. We also tested whether fecundity changed with elevation in two of the species, independent of body size variation. We found a significant sex–elevation interaction for Pardosa lapponica: female size decreased more in response to elevation than that of males. Males and females of Pardosa uintana decreased significantly in size with elevation at a similar rate. Alopecosa aculeata males increased in body size along the gradient while females did not. Pardosa lapponica females, but not P. uintana females, showed significant reduction in fecundity in response to elevation. P. uintana showed significant decreases in body size with increases in its population density. Changes in temperature and potential resource availability along the elevational gradient are probably causing these species- and sex-specific responses. Further summer warming of the region may alleviate current constraints on growth and reproduction of these species although sex-specific responses may affect their population dynamics.