Reconsideration of Dielectric Relaxation of Aqueous Urea Solutions at Different Temperatures

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• 作者：Jian-Chuan Liu ; Guo-Zhu Jia
• 关键词：Urea aqueous solution ; Cooperative interactions ; Dimer ; Enthalpy
• 刊名：Journal of Solution Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：45
• 期：4
• 页码：485-496
• 全文大小：1,093 KB
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• 作者单位：Jian-Chuan Liu (1)
  Guo-Zhu Jia (1)
  
  1. College of Physical and Electronics Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610000, China
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Physical Chemistry
  Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
  Geochemistry
  Oceanography
  Inorganic Chemistry
  Condensed Matter
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-8927

文摘

Urea structures in aqueous urea solution (8 mol·L−1) were examined by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) in the frequency range 500 MHz–50 GHz, from 20 to 80 °C. The mixture behavior is described in terms of the Havriliak–Negami and two Debye type relaxation models whose evolution with temperature is analyzed. A distinct antiparallel arrangement of dipoles is obtained for urea in the aqueous solution, according to the Kirkwood correlation factor, calculated from the static permittivity. We have also analyzed enthalpy, entropy and the activation energy of molecular reorientation of aqueous urea solution, and analyzed the formation of dimers about urea and water using the density functional theory.