Convective and stratiform precipitation characteristics in an ensemble of regional climate model simulations

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• 作者：Jan Kyselý ; Zuzana Rulfová ; Aleš Farda ; Martin Hanel
• 关键词：Regional climate models ; Convective precipitation ; Stratiform precipitation ; Climatology ; Extremes ; Central Europe
• 刊名：Climate Dynamics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：46
• 期：1-2
• 页码：227-243
• 全文大小：3,684 KB
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• 作者单位：Jan Kyselý (1) (2)
  Zuzana Rulfová (1) (3)
  Aleš Farda (4)
  Martin Hanel (2)
  
  1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR, Boční II 1401, 141 31, Prague 4, Czech Republic
  2. Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
  3. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
  4. Global Change Research Centre AS CR, Brno, Czech Republic
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Oceanography
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0894

文摘

We apply a recently proposed algorithm for disaggregating observed precipitation data into predominantly convective and stratiform, and evaluate biases in characteristics of parameterized convective (subgrid) and stratiform (large-scale) precipitation in an ensemble of 11 RCM simulations for recent climate in Central Europe. All RCMs have a resolution of 25 km and are driven by the ERA-40 reanalysis. We focus on mean annual cycle, proportion of convective precipitation, dependence on altitude, and extremes. The results show that characteristics of total precipitation are often better simulated than are those of convective and stratiform precipitation evaluated separately. While annual cycles of convective and stratiform precipitation are reproduced reasonably well in most RCMs, some of them consistently and substantially overestimate or underestimate the proportion of convective precipitation throughout the year. Intensity of convective precipitation is underestimated in all RCMs. Dependence on altitude is also simulated better for stratiform and total precipitation than for convective precipitation, for which several RCMs produce unrealistic slopes. Extremes are underestimated for convective precipitation while they tend to be slightly overestimated for stratiform precipitation, thus resulting in a relatively good reproduction of extremes in total precipitation amounts. The results suggest that the examined ensemble of RCMs suffers from substantial deficiencies in reproducing precipitation processes and support previous findings that climate models’ errors in precipitation characteristics are mainly related to deficiencies in the representation of convection.