Reduced tolerance to simulated herbivory on clonal organs in alien genotypes: a multi-species experiment with native and introduced origins

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Michael Beckmann ; Helge Bruelheide ; Alexandra Erfmeier
• 关键词：Artificial herbivory ; Clonal plants ; Germany ; New Zealand ; Plant invasions ; Resistance ; Tolerance
• 刊名：Biological Invasions
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：18
• 期：2
• 页码：549-563
• 全文大小：829 KB
• 参考文献：Agrawal AA, Hastings AP, Johnson MT, Maron JL, Salminen J-P (2012) Insect herbivores drive real-time ecological and evolutionary change in plant populations. Science 338:113–116CrossRef PubMed
  Alpert P (1996) Nutrient sharing in natural clonal fragments of Fragaria chiloensis. J Ecol 84:395–406CrossRef
  Alpert P (1999) Effects of clonal integration on plant plasticity in Fragaria chiloensis. Plant Ecol 141:99–106CrossRef
  Atwood J, Meyerson L (2011) Beyond EICA: understanding post-establishment evolution requires a broader evaluation of potential selection pressures. NeoBiota 10:7–25CrossRef
  Baker HG (1974) The evolution of weeds. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 5:1–24CrossRef
  Baldwin IT (1998) Jasmonate-induced responses are costly but benefit plants under attack in native populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:8113CrossRef PubMedCentral PubMed
  Barney JN, Whitlow TH, DiTommaso A (2009) Evolution of an invasive phenotype: shift to belowground dominance and enhanced competitive ability in the introduced range. Plant Ecol 202:275–284CrossRef
  Baruch Z, Gómez JA (1996) Dynamics of energy and nutrient concentration and construction cost in a native and two alien C 4 grasses from two neotropical savannas. Plant Soil 181:175–184CrossRef
  Bastlova D, Kvet J (2002) Differences in dry weight partitioning and flowering phenology between native and non-native plants of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.). Flora 197:332–340CrossRef
  Bates D, Maechler M, Bolker B (2012) lme4: linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes
  Bazzaz FA, Chiariello NR, Coley PD, Pitelka LF (1987) Allocating resources to reproduction and defense. Bioscience 37:58–67CrossRef
  Beckmann M, Erfmeier A, Bruelheide H (2009) A comparison of native and invasive populations of three clonal plant species in Germany and New Zealand. J Biogeogr 36:865–878CrossRef
  Beckmann M, Hock M, Bruelheide H, Erfmeier A (2012) The role of UV-B radiation in the invasion of Hieracium pilosella—a comparison of German and New Zealand plants. Environ Exp Bot 75:173–180CrossRef
  Beckmann M, Bruelheide H, Erfmeier A (2014) Local performance of six clonal alien species differs between native and invasive regions in Germany and New Zealand. Austral Ecol 39:378–387CrossRef
  Bishop GF, Davy AJ (1994) Hieracium pilosella L. (Pilosella officinarum F. Schultz & Schultz-Bip.). J Ecol 82:195–210CrossRef
  Blossey B, Notzold R (1995) Evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive nonindigenous plants: a hypothesis. J Ecol 83:887–889CrossRef
  Blumenthal DM, Hufbauer RA (2007) Increased plant size in exotic populations: a common-garden test with 14 invasive species. Ecology 88:2758–2765CrossRef PubMed
  Bossdorf O, Lipowsky A, Prati D (2008) Selection of preadapted populations allowed Senecio inaequidens to invade Central Europe. Divers Distrib 14:676–685CrossRef
  Brown JS, Eckert CG (2005) Evolutionary increase in sexual and clonal reproductive capacity during biological invasion in an aquatic plant Butomus umbellatus (Butomaceae). Am J Bot 92:495–502CrossRef PubMed
  Buschmann H, Edwards P, Dietz H (2005) Variation in growth pattern and response to slug damage among native and invasive provenances of four perennial Brassicaceae species. J Ecol 93:322–334CrossRef
  Buschmann H, Edwards PJ, Dietz H (2006) Responses of native and invasive Brassicaceae species to slug herbivory. Acta Oecol Int J Ecol 30:126–135CrossRef
  Carrillo J, McDermott D, Siemann E (2014) Loss of specificity: native but not invasive populations of Triadica sebifera vary in tolerance to different herbivores. Oecologia 174:863–871CrossRef PubMed
  Catford JA, Jansson R, Nilsson C (2009) Reducing redundancy in invasion ecology by integrating hypotheses into a single theoretical framework. Divers Distrib 15:22–40CrossRef
  Chun YJ (2011) Phenotypic plasticity of introduced versus native purple loosestrife: univariate and multivariate reaction norm approaches. Biol Invasions 13:819–829CrossRef
  Daws MI, Hall J, Flynn S, Pritchard HW (2007) Do invasive species have bigger seeds? evidence from intra- and inter-specific comparisons. S Afr J Bot 73:138–143CrossRef
  de Kroon H, Hutchings MJ (1995) Morphological plasticity in clonal plants: the foraging concept reconsidered. J Ecol 83:143–152CrossRef
  de Kroon H, van Groenendael J (1997) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden
  Ebeling SK, Stöcklin J, Hensen I, Auge H (2011) Multiple common garden experiments suggest lack of local adaptation in an invasive ornamental plant. J Plant Ecol 4:209–220CrossRef
  Erfmeier A (2013) Constraints and release at different scales—the role of adaptation in biological invasions. Basic Appl Ecol 14:281–288CrossRef
  Erfmeier A, Bruelheide H (2004) Comparison of native and invasive Rhododendron ponticum populations: growth, reproduction and morphology under field conditions. Flora 199:120–133CrossRef
  Fenner M, Lee WG (2001) Lack of pre-dispersal seed predators in introduced Asteraceae in New Zealand. N Z J Ecol 25:95–99
  Fornoni J (2011) Ecological and evolutionary implications of plant tolerance to herbivory. Funct Ecol 25:399–407CrossRef
  Givnish TJ (2002) Ecological constraints on the evolution of plasticity in plants. Evol Ecol 16:213–242CrossRef
  He M, Ding J, Lu X (2014) Increased compensatory ability of an invasive plant to above- and below-ground enemies in monocultures. Plant Ecol 215:253–260CrossRef
  Howell C (2008) Consolidated list of environmental weeds in New Zealand: weeds. Available from http://​doc.​govt.​nz/​publications/​conservation/​threats-and-impacts/​weeds/​consolidated-list-of-environmental-weeds-in-new-zealand/​ . Accessed Feb 2011
  Huang W, Siemann E, Wheeler GS, Zou J, Carrillo J, Ding J (2010) Resource allocation to defence and growth are driven by different responses to generalist and specialist herbivory in an invasive plant. J Ecol 98:1157–1167CrossRef
  Hull-Sanders HM, Clare R, Johnson RH, Meyer GA (2007) Evaluation of the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis: loss of defense against generalist but not specialist herbivores. J Chem Ecol 33:781–799CrossRef PubMed
  Jakobs G, Weber E, Edwards PJ (2004) Introduced plants of the invasive Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) are larger and grow denser than conspecifics in the native range. Divers Distrib 10:11–19CrossRef
  Joshi S, Tielbörger K (2012) Response to enemies in the invasive plant Lythrum salicaria is genetically determined. Ann Bot 110:1403–1410CrossRef PubMedCentral PubMed
  Joshi J, Vrieling K (2005) The enemy release and EICA hypothesis revisited: incorporating the fundamental difference between specialist and generalist herbivores. Ecol Lett 8:704–714CrossRef
  Keane RM, Crawley MJ (2002) Exotic plant invasions and the enemy release hypothesis. Trends Ecol Evol 17:164–170CrossRef
  Klimeš L, Klimešova J, Hendriks R (1997) Clonal plant architecture: a comparative analysis of form and function. In: De Kroon H, Van Groenendael JM (eds) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp 1–29
  Klimešová J, de Bello F (2009) CLO-PLA: the database of clonal and bud bank traits of Central European flora. J Veg Sci 20:511–516CrossRef
  Kolar CS, Lodge DM (2001) Progress in invasion biology: predicting invaders. Trends Ecol Evol 16:199–204CrossRef PubMed
  Kuznetsova A, Brockhoff PB (2012) MixMod: analysis of mixed models. R package version 1.0
  Lankau RA (2007) Specialist and generalist herbivores exert opposing selection on a chemical defense. New Phytol 175:176–184CrossRef PubMed
  Liu H, Stiling P (2006) Testing the enemy release hypothesis: a review and meta-analysis. Biol Invasions 8:1535–1545CrossRef
  Liu J, Dong M, Miao SL, Li Z, Song MH, Wang RQ (2006) Invasive alien plants in China: role of clonality and geographical origin. Biol Invasions 8:1461–1470CrossRef
  Lowett Doust L (1981) Population dynamics and local specialization in a clonal perennial (Ranunculus repens): I. The dynamics of ramets in contrasting habitats. J Ecol 69:743–755CrossRef
  Maron JL, Vilà M, Bommarco R, Elmendorf S, Beardsley P (2004) Rapid evolution of an invasive plant. Ecol Monogr 74:261–280CrossRef
  McKey D, Elias M, Pujol B, Duputié A (2010) The evolutionary ecology of clonally propagated domesticated plants. New Phytol 186:318–332CrossRef PubMed
  Meyer G, Hull-Sanders H (2008) Altered patterns of growth, physiology and reproduction in invasive genotypes of Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae). Biol Invasions 10:303–317CrossRef
  Meyer G, Clare R, Weber E (2005) An experimental test of the evolution of increased competitive ability hypothesis in goldenrod, Solidago gigantea. Oecologia 144:299–307CrossRef PubMed
  Montague JL, Barrett SCH, Eckert CG (2008) Re-establishment of clinal variation in flowering time among introduced populations of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria, Lythraceae). J Evol Biol 21:234–245PubMed
  Morrison JA, Mauck K (2007) Experimental field comparison of native and non-native maple seedlings: natural enemies, ecophysiology, growth and survival. J Ecol 95:1036–1049CrossRef
  Oduor AMO, Lankau RA, Strauss SY, Gómez JM (2011) Introduced Brassica nigra populations exhibit greater growth and herbivore resistance but less tolerance than native populations in the native range. New Phytol 191:536–544CrossRef PubMed
  Otfinowski R, Kenkel NC (2008) Clonal integration facilitates the proliferation of smooth brome clones invading northern fescue prairies. Plant Ecol 199:235–242CrossRef
  Pan JJ, Price JS (2001) Fitness and evolution in clonal plants: the impact of clonal growth. Evol Ecol 15:583–600CrossRef
  Peltzer DA (2002) Does clonal integration improve competitive ability? A test using aspen (Populus tremuloides [Salicaceae]) invasion into prairie. Am J Bot 89:494–499CrossRef PubMed
  Perglova I, Pergl J, Moravcova L (2009) Differences in germination and seedling establishment of alien and native Impatiens species. Preslia 81:357–375
  Pinheiro J, Bates D, DebRoy S, Sarkar D, R Development Core Team (2011) nlme: linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package version, 3, 103.
  Rejmánek M, Richardson DM (1996) What attributes make some plant species more invasive? Ecology 77:1655–1661CrossRef
  Rothmaler W, Jäger EJ, Werner K (2005) Exkursionsflora von Deutschland 4: Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band: Bd. 4, 10. A. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag
  Sakai AK, Allendorf FW, Holt JS, Lodge DM, Molofsky J, With KA, Baughman S, Cabin RJ, Cohen JE, Ellstrand NC et al (2001) The population biology of invasive species. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 32:305–332CrossRef
  Scheidel U, Röhl S, Bruelheide H (2003) Altitudinal gradients of generalist and specialist herbivory on three montane Asteraceae. Acta Oecol Int J Ecol 24:275–283CrossRef
  Stastny M, Schaffner U, Elle E (2005) Do vigour of introduced populations and escape from specialist herbivores contribute to invasiveness? J Ecol 93:27–37CrossRef
  Strauss SY, Agrawal AA (1999) The ecology and evolution of plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends Ecol Evol 14:179–185CrossRef PubMed
  Thébaud C, Simberloff D (2001) Are plants really larger in their introduced ranges? Am Nat 157:231–236CrossRef PubMed
  Theoharides KA, Dukes JS (2007) Plant invasion across space and time: factors affecting nonindigenous species success during four stages of invasion. New Phytol 176:256–273CrossRef PubMed
  Thorpe AS, Thelen GC, Diaconu A, Callaway RM (2009) Root exudate is allelopathic in invaded community but not in native community: field evidence for the novel weapons hypothesis. J Ecol 97:641–645CrossRef
  van Kleunen M, Schmid B (2003) No evidence for an evolutionary increased competitive ability in an invasive plant. Ecology 84:2816–2823CrossRef
  van Kleunen M, Fischer M, Schmid B (2000) Clonal integration in Ranunculus reptans: by-product or adaptation? J Evol Biol 13:237–248CrossRef
  Wang N, Yu FH, Li PX, He WM, Liu FH, Liu JM, Dong M (2008) Clonal integration affects growth, photosynthetic efficiency and biomass allocation, but not the competitive ability, of the alien invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides under severe stress. Ann Bot 101:671CrossRef PubMedCentral PubMed
  Webb CJ, Sykes WR, Garnock-Jones PJ (1988) Flora of New Zealand volume IV: naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington
  Willis AJ, Memmott J, Forrester RI (2000) Is there evidence for the post-invasion evolution of increased size among invasive plant species? Ecol Lett 3:275–283CrossRef
  Woodburn TL, Sheppard AW (1996) The demography of Carduus nutans as a native and an alien weed. Plant Prot Q 11:236–238
  Yang X, Huang W, Tian B, Ding J (2014) Differences in growth and herbivory damage of native and invasive kudzu (Peuraria montana var. lobata) populations grown in the native range. Plant Ecol 215:339–346CrossRef
  Zou J, Siemann E, Rogers WE, DeWalt SJ (2008) Decreased resistance and increased tolerance to native herbivores of the invasive plant Sapium sebiferum. Ecography 31:663–671CrossRef
  Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Walker N, Saveliev AA, Smith GM (2009) Mixed effects models and extensions in ecology with R, 1st edn. Springer, BerlinCrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Michael Beckmann (1) (2)
  Helge Bruelheide (2) (3)
  Alexandra Erfmeier (2) (3) (4)
  
  1. Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environment Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
  2. Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle, Germany
  3. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5d, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
  4. Institute for Ecosystem Research/Geobotany, Kiel University, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118, Kiel, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Sciences
  Ecology
  Hydrobiology
  Zoology
  Forestry
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1464

文摘

Clonal growth may increase the likelihood for alien plants becoming invasive, as it is an efficient foraging and spatial exploration strategy. Here, we investigated the effect of artificial herbivory on organs of clonal growth and its potential to drive post-introduction evolutionary change. Based on the assumption that tolerance traits are costly and that clonal alien species may benefit from investing freed resources into growth, fecundity or nutrient acquisition, we tested the hypothesis of lower tolerance to herbivory on organs of clonal growth in alien plants. In a common-garden experiment we studied divergence in plants from native German and alien New Zealand populations of six species with different clonal growth forms. A nutrient treatment testing the plant’s acquisition abilities, was combined with artificial herbivory on clonal organs. We investigated origin-dependent differences in sexual reproduction, plant growth and the production of clonal organs. For aboveground and clonal organ biomass, alien plants showed lower tolerance to artificial herbivory on clonal organs than native plants. In the combined herbivory and nutrient treatment, alien plants of four species grew fewer clonal organs when compared to the nutrient treatment alone. Alien plants of the other two species produced more clonal organs, regardless of treatment. All species revealed significant differences in flower production between origins, with five of them producing more flowers on alien than on native plants. The results support the hypothesis that a release of herbivory on clonal organs has lead to subtle evolutionary changes in tolerance of alien plants and to a species-dependent increase in plant vigour, clonal growth and/or sexual reproduction that may enhance their invasive success.