The hitchhiker’s guide to PGC-1α isoform structure and biological functions

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• 作者：Vicente Martínez-Redondo ; Amanda T. Pettersson ; Jorge L. Ruas
• 关键词：Alternative promoter ; Alternative splicing ; Brown adipose tissue ; Hypertrophy ; Isoforms ; NT ; PGC ; 1α ; PGC ; 1α ; PGC ; 1α ; b ; PGC ; 1α4 ; Review ; Skeletal muscle
• 刊名：Diabetologia
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：58
• 期：9
• 页码：1969-1977
• 全文大小：723 KB
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• 作者单位：Vicente Martínez-Redondo (1)
  Amanda T. Pettersson (1)
  Jorge L. Ruas (1)
  
  1. Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
  
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Internal Medicine
  Metabolic Diseases
  Human Physiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0428

文摘

Proteins of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1 (PGC-1) family of transcriptional coactivators coordinate physiological adaptations in many tissues, usually in response to demands for higher nutrient and energy supply. Of the founding members of the family, PGC-1α (also known as PPARGC1A) is the most highly regulated gene, using multiple promoters and alternative splicing to produce a growing number of coactivator variants. PGC-1α promoters are selectively active in distinct tissues in response to specific stimuli. To date, more than ten novel PGC-1α isoforms have been reported to be expressed from a novel promoter (PGC-1α-b, PGC-1α-c), to undergo alternative splicing (NT-PGC-1α) or both (PGC-1α2, PGC-1α3, PGC-1α4). The resulting proteins display differential regulation and tissue distribution and, most importantly, exert specific biological functions. In this review we discuss the structural and functional characteristics of the novel PGC-1α isoforms, aiming to provide an integrative view of this constantly expanding system of transcriptional coactivators.