Identification and Characterization of an Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase in the Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

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• 作者：Hung-Yun Lin (1)
  Chi-Yu Shih (2)
  Hung-Chun Liu (2)
  Jeng Chang (2) (3)
  Ying-Lan Chen (4) (5)
  Yet-Ran Chen (1) (5)
  Han-Tso Lin (6)
  Yu-Yung Chang (7)
  Chun-Hua Hsu (7)
  Han-Jia Lin (1) (3)
  
• 关键词：Alkaline phosphatase ; Diatom ; Glycoprotein ; Metal ion ; PhoA
• 刊名：Marine Biotechnology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：August 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：15
• 期：4
• 页码：425-436
• 全文大小：408KB
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• 作者单位：Hung-Yun Lin (1)
  Chi-Yu Shih (2)
  Hung-Chun Liu (2)
  Jeng Chang (2) (3)
  Ying-Lan Chen (4) (5)
  Yet-Ran Chen (1) (5)
  Han-Tso Lin (6)
  Yu-Yung Chang (7)
  Chun-Hua Hsu (7)
  Han-Jia Lin (1) (3)
  
  1. Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
  2. Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
  3. Center of Excellence for Marine Bioenvironment and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
  4. Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
  5. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
  6. Department of Biotechnology, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
  7. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
  

文摘

In phosphorus-deficient conditions, Phaeodactylum tricornutum releases an alkaline phosphatase (PtAPase) to the medium that is readily detectable by activity staining. Nucleic acid and amino acid sequence of this alkaline phosphatase (APase) was identified by performing proteomic analysis and database searches. Sequence alignment suggests that PtAPase belongs to the PhoA family, and it possesses key residues at the Escherichia coli PhoA active site. Quantitative PCR results indicate that the induction of APase mRNA transcription is very sensitive to phosphorus availability and population growth. The molecular mass of native PtAPase (148?kDa) determined by gel filtration chromatography indicates that PtAPase, like most PhoA, is homodimeric. Zn and Mg ions are essential cofactors for most PhoA enzymes; however, PtAPase activity did not require Zn ions. In fact, 5?mM Zn2+, Mo2+, Co2+, Cd2+, or Cu2+ inhibited its enzymatic activity, whereas 5?mM Mn2+, Mg2+, or Ca2+ enhanced its enzymatic activity. The responses of PtAPase to divalent metal ions were different from those of most PhoAs, but were similar to the PhoA in a marine bacterium, Cobetia marina. Phylogenetic analysis shows that homologs of PhoA are also present in other diatom species, and that they clustered in a unique branch away from other PhoA members. PtAPase may represent a novel class of PhoA that helps diatoms to survive in the ocean. Quantification of the PtAPase mRNA may help monitor the physiological condition of diatoms in natural environments and artificial bioreactors.