Barn owls (Tyto alba) in western North America: phylogeographic structure, connectivity, and genetic diversity

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• 作者：Andrew C. Huang ; John E. Elliott ; Kimberly M. Cheng…
• 关键词：Barn owls ; Tyto alba ; Peripheral populations ; Population structure ; British Columbia ; Santa Barbara Island
• 刊名：Conservation Genetics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：17
• 期：2
• 页码：357-367
• 全文大小：848 KB
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• 作者单位：Andrew C. Huang (1)
  John E. Elliott (2) (3)
  Kimberly M. Cheng (3)
  Kermit Ritland (1)
  Carol E. Ritland (1)
  Sarah K. Thomsen (4)
  Sofi Hindmarch (2)
  Kathy Martin (1) (2)
  
  1. Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
  2. Environment Canada (Science and Technology Branch), 5421 Robertson Rd, Delta, BC, V4K 3N2, Canada
  3. Avian Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
  4. Centre for Wildlife Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Human Genetics
  Animal Anatomy, Morphology and Histology
  Plant Sciences
  Evolutionary Biology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-9737

文摘

The barn owl (Tyto alba) is a non-migratory species widely distributed across much of North America in areas with extensive old-field and grassland habitat and without extensive winter snow cover. We investigated the genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns of barn owl populations in western North America, ranging from British Columbia (BC) to southern California, and one eastern population from Pennsylvania. We also determined the genetic distinctiveness of a population off the coast of southern California, Santa Barbara Island, as management plans to control the local owl population are being considered to decrease predation rate on the now threatened Scripps’s Murrelet (Synthliboramphus scrippsi). Using 8 polymorphic microsatellite markers (N = 126) and ND2 mitochondrial sequences (N = 37), we found little to no genetic structure among all sampled regions, with the exception of Santa Barbara Island. The BC mainland population, despite its northwestern geographically peripheral location and ongoing habitat degradation, is not genetically depauperate. However, individuals from Vancouver Island, likewise a peripheral population in BC, exhibited the lowest genetic diversity of all sampled locations. The low global F_ST value (0.028) estimated from our study suggests that old-field agricultural habitats are well connected in North America. Since the BC population has declined by about 50 % within the last three decades, it is vital to focus on preserving the remaining barn owl habitats in BC to allow successful establishment from neighbouring populations. Additionally, our microsatellite data revealed that the population on Santa Barbara Island showed genetic divergence from its continental counterpart. Mitochondrial data, however, demonstrated that this island population is not a monophyletic lineage containing unique haplotypes, and hence cannot be designated as an Evolutionarily Significant Unit.