The Presuppositions of Religious Pluralism and the Need for Natural Theology

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• 作者：Owen Anderson (1)
  
• 关键词：Pluralism ; Natural theology ; General revelation ; Fideism ; Fideistic exclusivism ; Rational exclusivism ; John Hick ; Vivekananda ; Vasubandhu ; Nagarjuna ; Immanuel Kant ; Post ; Kantian theology ; William Rowe ; J.P. Moreland ; William Lane Craig ; Alvin Plantinga ; Sensus divinitatis ; Intuition ; Inference ; Reason ; Law of non ; contradiction ; Ought/can principle ; Religious experience ; Redemption ; Special revelation
• 刊名：Sophia
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：July 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：47
• 期：2
• 页码：201-222
• 全文大小：256KB
• 参考文献：1. Anselm (1968). / St. Anselm: basic writing. La Salle: Open Court Publishing.
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  5. Hick, J. (1980). / God has many names. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press.
  6. Hick, J. (1985). Religious diversity as challenge and promise. In J. Hick, & H. Askari (Eds.), / The experience of religious diversity. Brookfield: Gower Publishing Company.
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  10. Moreland, J. P., & Craig, W. L. (2003). / Philosophical foundations for a Christian worldview. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press.
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  12. Plantinga, A. (2002). The ontological argument. In W. L. Craig (Ed.), / The philosophy of religion. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  13. Rowe, W. L. (1999). Religious pluralism. / Religious Studies: An International Journal for the Philosophy of Religion, / 35(2).
  14. Seager, R. H. (1995). / The world’s parliament of religions: the East/West encounter, Chicago, 1893. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
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  16. Vasubandhu, (2003). / Indian Buddhist theories of persons: Vasubandhu’s ‘refutation of the theory of a self-/em>. Routledge: New York.
  17. Vivekananda (1893). Response to Welcome. Swami Vivekananda’s Chicago Addresses. Retrieved September 1, 2006, from http://www.caip.rutgers.edu～kanth/jwz/mbm/sv/address1.html/
  
• 作者单位：Owen Anderson (1)
  
  1. Integrative Studies Department, Arizona State University, 4501 W Thunderbird, Phoenix, AZ, 85069, USA
  

文摘

In ‘The Presuppositions of Religious Pluralism and the Need for Natural Theology-I argue that there are four important presuppositions behind John Hick’s form of religious pluralism that successfully support it against what I call fideistic exclusivism. These are i) the ought/can principle, ii) the universality of religious experience, iii) the universality of redemptive change, and iv) a view of how God (the Eternal) would do things. I then argue that if these are more fully developed they support a different kind of exclusivism, what I call rational exclusivism, and become defeaters for pluralism. In order to explain rational exclusivism and its dependence on these presuppositions I consider philosophers J.P. Moreland, William Lane Craig, and Alvin Plantinga, who offer arguments for their forms of exclusivism but I maintain that they continue to rely on fideism at important points. I then give an example of how knowledge of the Eternal can be achieved.