SHS of ultrafine and nanosized Si3N4 powders: The effect of inorganic and organic additives on the microstructures, morphology, and phase compositions of products

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• 作者：I. P. Borovinskaya ; T. V. Barinova ; T. I. Ignatieva
• 刊名：Nanotechnologies in Russia
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：10
• 期：9-10
• 页码：763-776
• 全文大小：2,302 KB
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• 作者单位：I. P. Borovinskaya (1)
  T. V. Barinova (1)
  T. I. Ignatieva (1)
  
  1. Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Nanotechnology
  Industrial and Production Engineering
  Manufacturing, Machines and Tools
  Russian Library of Science
  
• 出版者：MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica distributed exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
• ISSN：1995-0799

文摘

The relationship between the microstructure and phase composition of a product obtained by selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and different reaction mechanisms is studied using the example of silicon nitride. The formation of nanosized silicon nitride particles upon the combustion of silicon in nitrogen and other phenomena typical of substances of this class, such as self-organization and self-assembly, are observed. The chemical condensation SHS of silicon nitride is studied in the presence of inorganic salts as modifying additives. The resulting Si₃N₄ powders have a structure of secondary spherical particles being composed of primary ultrafine and nanosized ones. The Si₃N₄ powders under study were fractionated depending on the particles size and microstructure by chemical dispersion. Ultrafine particles of the light fraction form as homogeneous rods by the conventional vapor–liquid–crystal mechanism. The fine-crystalline fractions are formed by hollow crystals assembled into globules. Microstructural analysis shows that the crystal walls consist of nanosized Si₃N₄ particles. The effects of organic additives introduced into the charge stock on the phase formation, microstructure formation, and particle size of SHS silicon nitride are studied. The combustion products are found to be composite powders whose phase compositions depend on the additive and the synthesis conditions. According to the data from X-ray powder diffraction and chemical analysis, the final products can contain up to 100% of β-Si₃N₄, up to 60% of α-Si₃N₄, up to 80% of SiC, and up to 70% of Si₂N₂O. It is shown that silicon nitride-based composite powders containing silicon carbide and/or silicon oxynitride can be obtained in one step. The role of ferric chloride hexahydrate as the SHS catalyst is studied. An ultrafine structurally homogeneous powder of β-Si₃N₄ is obtained in the presence of FeCl₃ · 6H₂O.