Isolation and identification of culturable bacteria from wild Anopheles culicifacies, a first step in a paratransgenesis approach

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• 作者：Ali Reza Chavshin (59) (60) (61)
  Mohammad Ali Oshaghi (61)
  Hasan Vatandoost (61)
  Mohammad Reza Pourmand (62)
  Ahmad Raeisi (61)
  Olle Terenius (63)
  
  59. Social Determinants of Health ; Research Center ; Urmia University of Medical Sciences ; Urmia ; Iran
  60. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control ; School of Public Health ; Urmia University of Medical Sciences ; Urmia ; Iran
  61. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control ; School of Public Health ; Tehran University of Medical Sciences ; Tehran ; Iran
  62. Department of Medical Biotechnology ; School of Advanced Medical Technology ; Tehran University of Medical Sciences ; Tehran ; Iran
  63. Department of Ecology ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) ; Uppsala ; Sweden
  
• 关键词：Midgut microbiota ; 16S rRNA ; Anopheles culicifacies ; Malaria ; Paratransgenesis
• 刊名：Parasites & Vectors
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：7
• 期：1
• 全文大小：681 KB
• 参考文献：World Malaria Report. World Health Organization, Geneva
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• 刊物主题：Parasitology; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine; Entomology;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1756-3305

文摘

Background Due to the effect of midgut bacteria on proliferation of parasites and their potential as paratransgenesis tools, their identification in malaria vector mosquitoes is important. Anopheles culicifacies s.l. is one of the main malaria vectors in Asia; however, its midgut microbiota remains un-studied. This work was primarily designed to isolate potential candidates for use in a paratransgenesis approach, but also to give a picture of the midgut microbiota of wild-caught An. culicifacies larvae and adults from the southeast corner of Iran, which has the highest malaria endemicity in the country. Methods A total of 68 larvae and 34 adult females (newly eclosed and older) from three different biotopes in Iran were analyzed for their midgut microflora. The mosquitoes had their midgut bacterial contents plated on three different culture media (brain heart agar, nutrient agar and blood agar) yielding 57 bacterial isolates. The 16S rRNA genes of the isolates were sequence analyzed for species designation, which then was confirmed by biochemical analysis. Results A total of twelve bacterial genera were identified: Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Bacillus, Chryseobacterium, Delftia, Exiguobacterium, Kurthia, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Thorsellia and Variovorax. In older females, only Gram-negative bacteria were found, whereas larvae and newly-eclosed adults also harbored Gram-positive bacteria. The diversity of isolates also varied between sampling sites and mosquito stages, with the largest number of genera found in the Anguri district and in larvae, respectively. Pseudomonas was the most common genus retrieved from all sampling sites, and in both larvae and adults, suggesting a potential transstadial passage of these bacteria. Interestingly, identical 16S sequences of Pseudomonas were found in mosquitoes originating from different habitats at least 45 km apart, which could suggest that these bacteria have been adapted to the mosquitoes. Conclusions The study of vector mosquito microbiota has recently gathered increased interest because of the potential influence on vector competence. By adding data from a hitherto uncharacterized malaria mosquito, a better picture of gut flora in vector mosquitoes was obtained. Furthermore, some species of the predominant genus Pseudomonas will be evaluated for the selection of a paratransgenesis candidate.