Estuarine Habitat and Demographic Factors Affect Juvenile Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Growth Variability in a Large Freshwater Tidal Estuary

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• 作者：Pascale A. L. Goertler ; Charles A. Simenstad ; Daniel L. Bottom…
• 关键词：Freshwater tidal estuary ; Juvenile Chinook salmon ; Growth ; Diet ; Genetic stock of origin
• 刊名：Estuaries and Coasts
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：39
• 期：2
• 页码：542-559
• 全文大小：2,822 KB
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• 作者单位：Pascale A. L. Goertler (1)
  Charles A. Simenstad (1)
  Daniel L. Bottom (2)
  Susan Hinton (2)
  Lia Stamatiou (1)
  
  1. School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
  2. Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Newport and Hammond, OR, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Ecology
  Geosciences
  Environmental Management
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1559-2731

文摘

Estuarine rearing has been shown to enhance within watershed biocomplexity and support growth and survival for juvenile salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.). However, less is known about how growth varies across different types of wetland habitats and what explains this variability in growth. We focused on the estuarine habitat use of Columbia River Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), which are listed under the Endangered Species Act. We employed a generalized linear model (GLM) to test three hypotheses: (1) juvenile Chinook growth was best explained by temporal factors, (2) habitat, or (3) demographic characteristics, such as stock of origin. This study examined estuarine growth rate, incorporating otolith microstructure, individual assignment to stock of origin, GIS habitat mapping, and diet composition along ~130 km of the upper Columbia River estuary. Juvenile Chinook grew on average 0.23 mm/day in the freshwater tidal estuary. When compared to other studies in the basin our growth estimates from the freshwater tidal estuary were similar to estimates in the brackish estuary, but ~4 times slower than those in the plume and upstream reservoirs. However, previous survival studies elucidated a possible tradeoff between growth and survival in the Columbia River basin. Our GLM analysis found that variation in growth was best explained by habitat and an interaction between fork length and month of capture. Juvenile Chinook salmon captured in backwater channel habitats and later in the summer (mid-summer and late summer/fall subyearlings) grew faster than salmon from other habitats and time periods. These findings present a unique example of the complexity of understanding the influences of the many processes that generate variation in growth rate for juvenile anadromous fish inhabiting estuaries. Keywords Freshwater tidal estuary Juvenile Chinook salmon Growth Diet Genetic stock of origin