Buried Wood: A Common Yet Poorly Documented Form of Deadwood

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• 作者：M. T. Moroni ; D. M. Morris ; C. Shaw ; J. N. Stokland ; M. E. Harmon…
• 关键词：coarse woody debris ; disturbance history ; carbon ; paludification ; boreal ; bryophytes ; moss ; litter
• 刊名：Ecosystems
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：18
• 期：4
• 页码：605-628
• 全文大小：850 KB
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• 作者单位：M. T. Moroni (1)
  D. M. Morris (2)
  C. Shaw (3)
  J. N. Stokland (4)
  M. E. Harmon (5)
  N. J. Fenton (6)
  K. Mergani?ová (7) (8)
  J. Mergani? (7) (8)
  K. Okabe (9)
  U. Hagemann (10)
  
  1. 6 Correa Place, Tolmans Hill, 7007, Australia
  2. Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 5E1, Canada
  3. Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320 122 Street Northwest, Edmonton, Alberta, T6H 3S5, Canada
  4. Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, P. O. Box 115, 1431, ?s, Norway
  5. Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
  6. Forest Research Institute, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boul. de l’Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, J9X 5E4, Canada
  7. Department of Forest Management and Geodesy, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53, Zvolen, Slovakia
  8. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Department of Forest Management, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycká 129, 165 21, Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
  9. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
  10. Institute of Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.V., Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Ecology
  Plant Sciences
  Zoology
  Environmental Management
  Geoecology and Natural Processes
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1435-0629

文摘

Buried wood (BW: downed deadwood buried more than 50% by soil, litter, or ground vegetation) is a common but understudied part of forest ecosystems. We reviewed the literature and conducted a meta-analysis of BW that included new data from Australia, Belarus, Canada, Germany, Japan, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, the USA, and Wales. Buried wood occurred in a wide range of forest types of natural and anthropogenic origin. In some forests, BW was effectively preserved and volumes of BW exceeded the volume of all other live and deadwood combined. Boreal and oroboreal coniferous forests contained large amounts of BW, whereas hardwood forests appeared to contain little BW due to differences in ground vegetation, wood decomposition pathways, and climatic and edaphic conditions. Coniferous forests growing on paludified ground represent areas with a large capacity to store BW. The largest quantity of BW reported was 935?m3?ha? in paludified black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.)) forests, where typically mature live bole volumes are only 150?m3?ha?. Buried wood can accumulate over several disturbance cycles (centuries), due to greatly reduced rates of decomposition following burial. As such, BW can represent a large forest C pool that is currently not recognized in forest C accounting using field measurements or models. Failing to account for wood burial can lead to underestimates of ecosystem deadwood stocks as well as misinterpretations of ecosystem dynamics. Buried wood and the burial process should be included in forest measurement and models, particularly for boreal and oroboreal ecosystems, to reduce uncertainty and improve accuracy in forest C accounting. This will require improvements to existing field sampling protocols and collection of long-term data on processes creating BW.