The effect of political decentralisation and affirmative action on Multidimensional Poverty Index: evidence from Indian States

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Kshitij Chaudhary
• 关键词：Multidimensional Poverty Index ; Reservation and decentralisation in India ; Decomposition of MPI ; Scheduled castes ; Scheduled Tribes ; 73rd constitutional amendment ; I32 ; C12 ; C21
• 刊名：Journal of Social and Economic Development
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：17
• 期：1
• 页码：27-49
• 全文大小：
• 参考文献：Aaron C, Hadjimichael B, Klein MU (2001) Foreign direct investment and poverty reduction. World Bank. Policy Research Working paper no. 2613
  Alkire S (2011) Multidimensional poverty and its discontents. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, University of Oxford. Working paper 46
  Alkire S, Foster J (2007) Counting and multidimensional poverty measures. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, University of Oxford. Working paper 7
  Alkire Sabina, Foster James (2011) 鈥淯nderstandings and misunderstandings of multidimensional poverty, vol 9. J Econ Inequal 2:289鈥?14CrossRef
  Alkire S, Santos ME (2010) Multidimensional poverty index: 2010 data. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, University of Oxford
  Alkire S, Santos ME (2011) Acute multidimensional poverty: a new index for developing countries. In: Proceedings of the German development. Economics conference, Berlin, no. 3
  Alkire S, Roche JM, Santos ME, Seth S (2011) Multidimensional poverty index 2011: brief methodological note, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, University of Oxford
  Altekar AS (2002) State and government in ancient India. Motilal Banarsidass Publications, New Delhi
  Atkinson Anthony B, Bourguignon Franqois (1982) The comparison of multi-dimensioned distributions of economic status. Rev Econ Stud 49(2):183鈥?01CrossRef
  Attewell Paul, Thorat Sukhadeo (2007) The legacy of social exclusion: a correspondence study of job discrimination in India. Econ Polit Wkly 42(41):4141鈥?145
  Banerjee BG, Sinha AK, Vasishat RN (2004) Panchayati Raj and empowerment of women. Northern Book Centre, New Delhi (Chapter 1)
  Bardhan P (2002) Decentralization of governance and development. J Econ Perspect 16(4):185鈥?05 (American Economic Association)CrossRef
  Basant R, Basith MA, Hamid S, Majeed A, Oommen TK, Sachar R, Shariff A (2006) Social, economic and educational status of the Muslim community of India. East Asian Bureau of Economic Research. Development economics. Working paper 22136
  Beaman L, Duflo E, Pande R, Topalova P (2010) Political reservation and substantive representation: evidence from indian village councils. India Policy Forum. Brookings Institution Press and The National Council of Applied Economic Research: Washington, DC and New Delhi, vol. 7
  Besley Timothy, Case Anne (2003) Political institutions and policy choices: evidence from the United States. J Econ Lit 41(1):7鈥?3CrossRef
  Besley TJ, Pande R, Rao V (2007) Just rewards? Local politics and public resource allocation in South India. LSE STICERD (Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines). Research paper no. DEDPS49
  Bhide S, Mehta AK, Kumar A, Shah A (2005) Getting chronic poverty on to policy agendas: the case of CPRC India. Paper presented to the ODI/CPRC 鈥淧olicy Influencing and Media Engagement鈥?Workshop, London
  Borooah Vani K (2005) Caste, inequality, and poverty in India. Rev Dev Econ 9(3):399鈥?14CrossRef
  Bossuyt J, Gould J (2000) Decentralisation and poverty reduction: elaborating the linkages. European Centre for Development Policy Management Brief
  Bourguignon F, Chakravarty S (2003) The measurement of multidimensional poverty. J Econ Inequal 1(1):25鈥?9CrossRef
  Cashin P, Mauro P, Patillo C, Sahay R (2001) Macroeconomic policies and poverty reduction: stylized facts and an overview of research. International Monetary Fund. Working paper no. 01/135
  Census of India (2011) Provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011 India series 1. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India
  Chattopadhyay R, Duflo E (2004a) The impact of reservation in the Panchayati Raj: evidence from a nationwide randomized experiment. Econ Polit Wkly 39(9):979鈥?86
  Chattopadhyay R, Duflo E (2004b) Women as policy makers: evidence from a randomized policy experiment in India. Econometrica 72(5):1409鈥?443CrossRef
  Chaudhari S (2003) What difference does a constitutional amendment make? The 1994 Panchayati Raj Act and the attempt to revitalize rural local government in India, University of Colombia
  Crook RC (2003) Decentralization and poverty reduction in Africa: the politics of local鈥揷entral relations. Public Adm Dev 23(1):77鈥?8CrossRef
  Deshpande Ashwini (2001) Caste at birth: redefining disparity in India. Rev Dev Econ 5(1):130鈥?44CrossRef
  Dewilde Caroline (2008) Individual and institutional determinants of Multidimensional poverty: a European comparison. Soc Indic Res 86(2):233鈥?56CrossRef
  Dhar M, Jodhka SS (2003) Cow, caste and communal politics: dalit killings in Jhajjar. Econ Polit Wkly 38(3):174鈥?76 (Jan 18鈥?4, 2003)
  Dushkin L (1972) Scheduled caste politics. In: J. Michael Mahar, (ed) The untouchable in contemporary India. University of Arizona Press, pp 167鈥?00
  Edlund L, Pande R (2002) Why have women become left-wing? The political gender gap and the decline in marriage. Q J Econ 117(3):917鈥?61CrossRef
  Ghatak M, Ghatak M (2002) Recent reforms in the panchayat system in West Bengal: toward greater participatory governance? Econ Polit Wkly 37:45鈥?8
  Hoff K, Pandey P (2004) Belief systems and durable inequalities: an experimental investigation of Indian caste. World Bank. Policy Research. Working paper 3351
  HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger and Malnutrition (2011) 鈥淗UNGaMA Survey 2011 Report鈥? Naandi Foundation
  Husted TA, Kenny LW (1997) The effect of the expansion of the voting franchise on the size of government. J Polit Econ 105(1):54鈥?2CrossRef
  Iyer Lakshmi, Mani A, Mishra P, Topalova P (2010) Political representation and crime: evidence from India. Draft paper. International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC
  J眉tting J, Kauffmann C, McDonnell I, Osterrieder H, Pinaud N, Wegner L (2004) Decentralisation and poverty in developing countries: exploring the impact. OECD Development Centre. Working paper no. 236
  Kalt Joseph P, Zupan Mark A (1984) Capture and ideology in the economic theory of politics. Am Econ Rev 74(3):279鈥?00
  Kamath PM (1985) Politcs of defection in India in the 1980s. Asian Survey, University of California Press, vol. 25, no. 10, pp 1039鈥?054. (Oct, 1985)
  Krishnan N (2007) Political reservations and rural public good provision in india. Department of Economics, Boston University
  Marmot MG, Wilkinson RG (2005) Social determinants of health. Oxford University Press, Oxford (Chapter 10)CrossRef
  McCullough JS, Rondinelli DA, Johnson RW (1989) Analysing decentralization policies in developing countries: a political-economy framework. Dev Change 20:57鈥?7CrossRef
  Mishra RN (2006) Dynamic of caste-deprivation in child under-nutrition in India. Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, India. Working paper 380
  Nunnenkamp P (2004) To what extent can FDI help achieve international development goals? Kiel Institute for the World Economy. Kiel Working paper 1128
  Pande R (2003) Can mandated political representation increase policy influence for disadvantaged minorities? Theory and evidence from India. Am Econ Rev 93(4):1132鈥?151 (American Economic Association)CrossRef
  Prakash N (2007) Does political reservation for minorities reduce poverty? Evidence from India. Department of Economics, University of Houston
  Sarkar J (1920) Mughal administration. M.C. Sarkar and Sons. Patna University Readership Lectures
  Sen A (1976) Poverty: an ordinal approach to measurement. Econometrica 44(2):219鈥?31 (The Econometric Society)CrossRef
  Singh H (1994) Constitutional base for Panchayati Raj in India: the 73rd Amendment Act. Asian Surv 34(9):818鈥?27CrossRef
  Steiner Susan (2007) Decentralization and poverty: conceptual framework and application to Uganda. Public Adm Dev 27(2):175鈥?85CrossRef
  United Nations (2008) The millennium development goals report. United Nations, New York
  United Nations Development Program (1997) Human development report 1997: human development to eradicate poverty. Oxford University Press, New York
  Von Braun J, Grote U (2000) Does decentralization serve the poor? Center for Development Research. Paper presented at IMF conference on Fiscal Decentralization, Washington, DC
  Wallace P (1980) Plebiscitary politics in India鈥檚 1980 parliamentary elections: Punjab and Haryana. Asian Survey, University of California Press, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 613鈥?33. (June 1980)
  Washington E (2006) Female socialization: how daughters affect their legislator fathers鈥?voting on women鈥檚 issues. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Working paper no. 11924
  World Bank (2000) World development report, 2000-2001, attacking poverty. World Bank, Washington, DCCrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Kshitij Chaudhary (1)
  
  1. Overseas Development Institute (ODI) Fellow | Health Economist, NERCHA, Mbabane, Kingdom of Swaziland
  
• 刊物类别：Economic Growth; Social Policy; Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology; Economic Policy;
• 刊物主题：Economic Growth; Social Policy; Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology; Economic Policy;
• 出版者：Springer India
• ISSN：2199-6873

文摘

This essay examines the impact of decentralisation and political reservation for disadvantaged groups on Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) across states and disadvantaged minorities in India. The time variation in the implementation of the 73rd constitutional amendment across states has been exploited to analyse the impact of the amendment on multidimensional deprivation. National MPI*, similar to the standard international computed MPIs (using Alkire鈥揊oster Methodology), has been decomposed across states and disadvantaged groups, and the effect of time variation in implementation of the amendment has then been seen on these indices. States implementing the amendment prior to 1997鈥?998 were found to have lower multidimensional deprivation in the year 2005, as compared to their counterparts which either implemented the amendment after 1998 or did not implement it at all. A similar impact of early implementation was seen on MPI* (of year 2005) of the disadvantaged groups that were given additional political representation under the 73rd constitutional amendment. The hypotheses, therefore, that decentralisation has a positive impact on general living standards, and that political reservation for certain classes improves the welfare indicators of members of the groups they represent, are verified by this study. Keywords Multidimensional Poverty Index Reservation and decentralisation in India Decomposition of MPI Scheduled castes Scheduled Tribes 73rd constitutional amendment