Degradation of intact chicken feathers by Thermoactinomyces sp. CDF and characterization of its keratinolytic protease

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• 作者：Liyuan Wang ; Guyue Cheng ; Yuxia Ren ; Zheng Dai…
• 关键词：Thermophile ; Keratinase ; Subtilisin ; Feather ; Inclusion bodies
• 刊名：Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：May 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：99
• 期：9
• 页码：3949-3959
• 全文大小：1,963 KB
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• 作者单位：Liyuan Wang (1) (3)
  Guyue Cheng (1)
  Yuxia Ren (1)
  Zheng Dai (1)
  Zhong-Shu Zhao (1)
  Feng Liu (1)
  Shiyong Li (1)
  Yahan Wei (1)
  Jing Xiong (1)
  Xiao-Feng Tang (1) (2)
  Bing Tang (1) (2)
  
  1. State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
  3. Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
  2. Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Wuhan, 430072, China
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Biotechnology
  Microbiology
  Microbial Genetics and Genomics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0614

文摘

Thermoactinomyces is known for its resistance to extreme environmental conditions and its ability to digest a wide range of hard-to-degrade compounds. Here, Thermoactinomyces sp. strain CDF isolated from soil was found to completely degrade intact chicken feathers at 55?°C, with the resulting degradation products sufficient to support growth as the primary source of both carbon and nitrogen. Although feathers were not essential for the expression of keratinase, the use of this substrate led to a further 50-00?% increase in enzyme production level under different nutrition conditions, with extracellular keratinolytic activity reaching its highest level (?00?U/mL) during the late-log phase. Full degradation of feathers required the presence of living cells, which are thought to supply reducing agents necessary for the cleavage of keratin disulfide bonds. Direct contact between the hyphae and substrate may enhance the reducing power and protease concentrations present in the local microenvironment, thereby facilitating keratin degradation. The gene encoding the major keratinolytic protease (protease C2) of strain CDF was cloned, revealing an amino acid sequence identical to that of subtilisin-like E79 protease from Thermoactinomyces sp. E79, albeit with significant differences in the upstream flanking region. Exogenous expression of protease C2 in Escherichia coli resulted in the production of inclusion bodies with proteolytic activity, which could be solubilized to an alkaline solution to produce mature protease C2. Purified protease C2 was able to efficiently hydrolyze α- and β-keratins at 60-0?°C and pH 11.0, representing a promising candidate for enzymatic processing of hard-to-degrade proteins such as keratinous wastes.