Associations of Racial Discrimination and Parental Discrimination Coping Messages with African American Adolescent Racial Identity

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• 作者：Bridget L. Richardson ; Tamarie A. Macon…
• 关键词：Racial discrimination ; Parent racial socialization ; Racial identity ; African American adolescents
• 刊名：Journal of Youth and Adolescence
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：44
• 期：6
• 页码：1301-1317
• 全文大小：537 KB
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• 作者单位：Bridget L. Richardson (1)
  Tamarie A. Macon (2)
  Faheemah N. Mustafaa (2)
  Erin D. Bogan (2)
  Yasmin Cole-Lewis (3)
  Tabbye M. Chavous (2)
  
  1. Department of Psychology, Personality and Social Contexts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  2. Combined Program in Education and Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  3. Clinical Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Behavioral Science
• 刊物主题：Psychology
  Child and School Psychology
  Clinical Psychology
  Health Psychology
  Law and Psychology
  History of Psychology
  Psychology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-6601

文摘

Research links racial identity to important developmental outcomes among African American adolescents, but less is known about the contextual experiences that shape youths-racial identity. In a sample of 491 African American adolescents (48?% female), associations of youth-reported experiences of racial discrimination and parental messages about preparation for racial bias with adolescents-later racial identity were examined. Cluster analysis resulted in four profiles of adolescents varying in reported frequency of racial discrimination from teachers and peers at school and frequency of parental racial discrimination coping messages during adolescents-8th grade year. Boys were disproportionately over-represented in the cluster of youth experiencing more frequent discrimination but receiving fewer parental discrimination coping messages, relative to the overall sample. Also examined were clusters of adolescents-11th grade racial identity attitudes about the importance of race (centrality), personal group affect (private regard), and perceptions of societal beliefs about African Americans (public regard). Girls and boys did not differ in their representation in racial identity clusters, but 8th grade discrimination/parent messages clusters were associated with 11th grade racial identity cluster membership, and these associations varied across gender groups. Boys experiencing more frequent discrimination but fewer parental coping messages were over-represented in the racial identity cluster characterized by low centrality, low private regard, and average public regard. The findings suggest that adolescents who experience racial discrimination but receive fewer parental supports for negotiating and coping with discrimination may be at heightened risk for internalizing stigmatizing experiences. Also, the findings suggest the need to consider the context of gender in adolescents-racial discrimination and parental racial socialization.