Effect of tidal stress on fault nucleation and failure of the 2007 M s6.4 Ning’er earthquake

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：ChaoDi Xie ; XingLin Lei ; XiaoPing Wu ; Hong Fu ; ZiYao Xiong…
• 关键词：tidal Coulomb failure stress ; Ning’er earthquake ; rate ; and state ; dependent friction law ; tidal period
• 刊名：Science China Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：59
• 期：2
• 页码：397-407
• 全文大小：1,988 KB
• 参考文献：Agnew D C. 2007. Earth tides. In: Herring T A, ed. Treatise on Geophysics: Geodesy. New York: Elsevier. 163–195CrossRef
  Beeler N M, Lockner D A. 2003. Why earthquakes correlate weakly with Earth tides: The effects of periodic stress on the rate and probability of earthquake occurrence. J Geophys Res, 108, doi: 10.1029/2001JB001518
  Brace W F, Byerlee J D. 1966. Stick-slip as a mechanism for earthquakes. Science, 153: 990–992CrossRef
  Dieterich J H. 1981. Constitutive properties of faults with simulated gouge, in Mechanical Behavior of Crustal Rocks. Geophys Monogr Ser, 24: 103–120
  Dieterich J H. 1994. A constitutive law for rate of earthquake production and its application to earthquake clustering. J Geophys Res, 99: 2601–2618CrossRef
  Ding Z Y, Jia J K, Wang R. 1983. Seismic triggering effect of tidal stress. Tectonophysics, 93: 319–335CrossRef
  Du P R. 1981. Primary study on the relationship between earth tide and earthquakes (in Chinese). Earthq Sci Res, 1: 14–20
  Du P R, Zhao J M, Gao X L. 2011. The 18.6-year periodicity of great earthquakes (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 54: 2256–2262
  Emter D. 1997. Tidal Triggering of Earthquakes and Volcanic Events. In: Wilhelm H, Zurn W, Wenzel H G, eds. Tidal Phenomena. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 293–309CrossRef
  Feng X D, Wei D P. 2007. Statistical analysis of the spatial and temporal correlation between seismicity and tide generating force by the sun and the moon (in Chinese). Recent Dev World Seismol, 341: 9–15
  Fu H, Wang S J, Long X F, et al. 2009. Analysis of focal mechanism of the Ning’er earthquake sequence (in Chinese). J Seismol Res, 32: 253–257
  Gomberg J, Beeler N M, Blanpied M L. 1998. Earthquake triggering by transient and static deformations. J Geophys Res, 103: 24411–24426CrossRef
  Guo S M, Wang Y, Ji F J. 2001. Tectonic mechanism of moderate-strong swarms in Yunnan’ Simao-Pu’er region (in Chinese). J Seismol Res, 22: 105–115
  Han Y B, Li Z A, Tian J. 1996. The researching of the relation of occurrence time of earthquakes and the solar-lunar tidal force in some areas of China (in Chinese). Prog Geophys, 11: 114–122
  Harris R A. 1998. Introduction to special section: Stress triggers, stress shadows, and implications for seismic hazard. J Geophys Res, 103: 24347–24358CrossRef
  Heaton T H. 1975. Tidal triggering of earthquakes. Geophys J Int, 43: 307–326CrossRef
  Kasahara J. 2002. Tides, earthquakes, and volcanoes. Science, 297: 348–349CrossRef
  Kato N, Lei X L, Wen X X. 2007. A synthetic seismicity model for the Xianshuihe fault, southwestern China: Simulation using a rate- and state-dependent friction law. Geophys J Int, 169: 286–300CrossRef
  Lei X L, Xie C D, Fu B H. 2011. Remotely triggered seismicity in Yunnan, southwestern China, following the 2004 M w9.3 Sumatra earthquake. J Geophys Res, 116: B08303, doi: 10.1029/2011JB008245
  Li J, Jiang H K. 2012. A review on tidal triggering of earthquakes (in Chinese). Earthq Res China, 26: 128–141
  Kilb D, Gomberg J, Bodin P. 2000. Triggering of earthquake aftershocks by dynamic stresses. Nature, 408: 570–574CrossRef
  Linker M F, Dieterich J H. 1992. Effects of variable normal stress on rock friction: Observations and constitutive equations. J Geophys Res, 97: 4923–4940CrossRef
  Lockner D A, Beeler N M. 1999. Premonitory slip and tidal triggering of earthquakes. J Geophys Res, 104: 20133–20151CrossRef
  Mao Y P, Han X M, Gu Y S, et al. 2003. Study on the Strong Earthquakes (M⩾6) in Yunnan Region. Kunming: Yunnan Science and Technology Press
  Miao C G, Hu Y L, Zhou G Q, et al. 2007. The emergency action and disaster characters of Ning’er M6.4 earthquake in Yunnan (in Chinese). Recent Dev World Seismol, 342: 5–11
  Palumbo A. 1986. Lunar and solar tidal components in the occurrence of earthquakes in Italy. Geophys J Int, 84: 93–99CrossRef
  Perfettini H, Schmittbuhl J, Cochard A. 2003a. Shear and normal load perturbations on a two-dimensional continuous fault: 1. Static triggering. J Geophys Res, 108, doi: 10.1029/2002JB001804
  Perfettini H, Schmittbuhl J, Cochard A. 2003b. Shear and normal load perturbations on a two-dimensional continuous fault: 2. Dynamic triggering. J Geophys Res, 108, doi: 10.1029/2002JB001805
  Press W H, Flannery B P, Teukolsky S A, et al. 1992. Numerical Recipes. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press
  Rayleigh L. 1880. On the result of a large number of vibrations of the same pitch and of arbitrary phases. Phil Mat, 10: 73–78CrossRef
  Richardson E, Marone C J. 1999. Effects of normal stress vibrations on frictional healing. J Geophys Res, 104: 28859–28878CrossRef
  Schuster A. 1897. On lunar and solar periodicities of earthquakes. Proc R Soc Lond, 61: 455–465CrossRef
  Stroup D F, Bohnenstiehl D R, Tolstoy M, et al. 2007. Pulse of the seafloor: Tidal triggering of microearthquakes at 9°50′N East Pacific Rise. Geophys Res Lett, 34, doi: 10.1029/2007GL030088
  Tanaka S. 2010. Tidal triggering of earthquakes precursory to the recent Sumatra megathrust earthquakes of 26 December 2004 (M w9.0), 28 March 2005 (M w8.6), and 12 September 2007 (M w8.5). Geophys Res Lett, 37, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041581
  Tanaka S, Ohtake M, Sato H. 2002. Evidence for tidal triggering of earthquakes as revealed from statistical analysis of global data. J Geophys Res, 107, doi: 10.1029/2001JB001577
  Tanaka S, Sato H, Matsumura S, et al. 2006. Tidal triggering of earthquakes in the subducting Philippine Sea plate beneath the locked zone of the plate interface in the Tokai region, Japan. Tectonophysics, 417: 69–80CrossRef
  Tolstoy M, Vernon F L, Orcutt J A, et al. 2002. Breathing of the seafloor: tidal correlations of seismicity at Axial volcano. Geology, 30: 503–506CrossRef
  Tsuruoka H, Ohtake M, Sato H. 1995. Statistical test of the tidal triggering of earthquakes: Contribution of the ocean tide loading effect. Geophys J Int, 122: 183–194CrossRef
  Vidale J E, Agnew D C, Johnston M J S, et al. 1998. Oppenheimer, absence of earthquake correlation with Earth tides: An indication of high preseimic fault stress rate. J Geophys Res, 103: 24567–24572CrossRef
  Wu X P, Huang Y, Mao W, et al. 2005. Tidal stress triggering mechanism of earthquakes in Yun’nan and related patterns of celestial body positions (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 48: 574–583CrossRef
  Wu X P, Mao W, Huang Y, et al. 2009. Tidal stress triggering effects of earthquake based on various tectonic regions in China and related astronomical characteristics (in Chinese). Sci China Ser G, 39: 901–912
  Xie Y Q, Li Y F, Zhang J G, et al. 2007. Seismogenic structure of the 2007 Ning’er, Yuannan, M s6.4 earthquake (in Chinese). J Seismol Res, 30: 350–358
  Xu Y J, Wu X P, Yan C H, et al. 2011. The features of tidal Coulomb failure stresses on various kinds of seismic fault (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 54: 756–763
  Yang X X, Han Y B, Chen Z, et al. 2004. New evidence of earthquake and volcano triggering by strong tides (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 47: 616–621
  Zhang H, Zhang L P, Xu H, et al. 2013. Relationship of M s⩾7.0 earthquakes in Chinese mainland and tidal coulomb failure stress (in Chinese). Earthq Res China, 29: 48–56
  Zhang J, Qi Q W, Yang L Z, et al. 2007. A study on tidal force/stress triggering of strong earthquakes (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 50: 448–454
  Zhang Y, Xu L S, Chen Y T, et al. 2009. Source process of M s6.4 earthquake in Ning’er, Yunnan in 2007. Sci China Ser D-Earth Sci, 52: 180–188CrossRef
  Zhao J, Han Y B, Li Z A. 1999. Variation of lunisolar tidal force and the earthquakes in north China (in Chinese). Chin J Geophys, 42(S1): 24–29
  Zhao J, Han Y B, Li Z A. 2001. Relationship between the variation of lunisolar tidal force and earthquakes in Taiwan. J Nat Disasters, 10: 64–67
  
• 作者单位：ChaoDi Xie (1)
  XingLin Lei (2)
  XiaoPing Wu (1)
  Hong Fu (3)
  ZiYao Xiong (1)
  XiongLin Hu (3)
  Sha Li (1)
  
  1. Geophysics Department, School of Resources & Earth Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
  2. Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba, 305-8567, Japan
  3. Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650224, China
  
• 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1869-1897

文摘

Based on calculations of the tidal Coulomb failure stress and investigations of the correlation between the Earth tide and the Ning’er earthquake sequence, the processes of fault nucleation and failure were simulated. In these simulations we consider the influence of tidal stresses using the rate- and state-dependent friction laws. Furthermore, the effects on tidal triggering due to the stress amplitude and periodic oscillation properties were investigated, and the triggering effects between the tidal normal and tidal shear stresses were compared. The results showed that the Ning’er earthquake sequence was a physical consequence of tidal effects. A transition period T ₀ exists between the nucleation and failure processes of a seismic fault. When the period T of stress is equal to or becomes larger than T ₀, the fault response becomes dependent on the periodic features of the loading stress; however, for T < T ₀, the response of the fault is nearly independent of the period. Both the tidal normal and tidal shear stresses have similar effect in the nucleation and failure processes; the clock changes generally increase with the maximum amplitudes of the tidal stresses. Tidal normal and tidal shear stresses with positive amplitudes mainly induce earthquake triggering; however, the triggering effects induced by negative tidal stresses are smaller and faults are not sensitive to negative tidal stresses. Our results primarily reveal the physical mechanisms of tidal stress triggering. Keywords tidal Coulomb failure stress Ning’er earthquake rate- and state-dependent friction law tidal period