Rheological profile across the NE Japan interplate megathrust in the source region of the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake
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- 作者：Ichiko Shimizu
- 关键词：Fault strength ; Rheology ; Friction ; Pore pressure ; Seamount ; Interplate earthquake
- 刊名：Earth, Planets and Space
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：December 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：66
- 期：1
- 全文大小：1779KB
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Zhao D, Huang Z, Umino N, Hasegawa A, Kanamori H: Structural heterogeneity in the megathrust zone and mechanism of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake (Mw 9.0). Geophys Res Lett 2011, 38:L17308. doi:101029/2011GL048408 - 作者单位：Ichiko Shimizu (1)
1. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan - 刊物类别：Earth Sciences, general; Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy;
- 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general; Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：1880-5981
文摘
A strength profile across the NE Japan interplate megathrust was constructed in the source region of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake (Mw9.0) using friction, fracturing, and ductile flow data of the oceanic crustal materials obtained from laboratory experiments. The depth-dependent changes in pressure, temperature, and pore fluid pressure were incorporated into a model. The large tsunamigenic slips during the M9 event can be explained by a large gradient in fault strength on the up-dip side of the M9 hypocenter, which was located 17 to 18 km beneath sea level. A large stress drop (approximately 80 MPa) induced by the collapse of a subducted seamount possibly triggered the M9 earthquake. In the deep (>35 km) part of the thrust fault, where M7-class Miyagi-oki earthquakes have repeatedly occurred, plastic deformation occurs in siliceous rocks but not in gabbroic rocks. Thus, the asperity associated with the M7-class earthquakes was most likely a gabbroic body, such as a broken seamount, surrounded by siliceous sedimentary rocks. The conditionally stable nature of the surrounding region can be explained by the frictional behavior of wet quartz in the brittle-ductile transition zone. In contrast to the deep M7-class asperity, the M9 asperity (i.e., a region that was strongly coupled before the M9 Tohoku-oki earthquake) extended to a large area of the plate interface because shear strength is relatively insensitive to lithological variation at intermediate depths. However, the along-arc extension of the M9 asperity was constrained by fluid-rich regions on the plate interface. Keywords Fault strength Rheology Friction Pore pressure Seamount Interplate earthquake