Outer trench-slope faulting and the 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

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• 作者：Thorne Lay ; Charles J. Ammon ; Hiroo Kanamori ; Marina J. Kim…
• 关键词：Great normal faults ; tsunami ; 1933 Sanriku ; oki ; outer rise earthquakes
• 刊名：Earth, Planets and Space
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：July 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：63
• 期：7
• 页码：713-718
• 全文大小：1045KB
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• 作者单位：Thorne Lay (1)
  Charles J. Ammon (2)
  Hiroo Kanamori (3)
  Marina J. Kim (1)
  Lian Xue (1)
  
  1. University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, 95064, USA
  2. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
  3. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth Sciences, general; Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy;
• 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general; Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1880-5981

文摘

The 11 March 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (M _w 9.0) produced megathrust displacements of at least 40 m. The resulting tsunami devastated the Honshu coast southwest of regions struck by earthquake-generated tsunami in 1611, 1896 and 1933. The 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake was also an underthrusting earthquake, but the 1933 Sanriku-oki earthquake was a trench-slope normal faulting event; both generated inundation heights of 10 to 25 m along the coast of Iwate prefecture. Possible occurrence of a great outer trench-slope earthquake seaward of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake along a southwestward extension of the 1933 fault zone is a concern. The second largest 2011 aftershock, an outer rise M _w 7.7 normal faulting earthquake occurred near the southern end of the 1933 rupture. Additional aftershock activity has been distributed along a trend below the trench and diffusely spread in the outer rise, seaward of the megathrust region where the largest slip occurred. Coulomb stress perturbations of at least 5-0 bars are calculated for outer rise normal fault geometries for mainshock slip models. Whether a future great trench slope event will occur is uncertain, but the potential tsunamigenic hazard can be gauged by the huge inundations accompanying the 1933 rupture. Key words Great normal faults tsunami 1933 Sanriku-oki outer rise earthquakes