The future is behind us: traditional ecological knowledge and resilience over time on Hawai‘i Island
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- 作者：Heather McMillen ; Tamara Ticktin ; Hannah Kihalani Springer
- 关键词：Social resilience ; Adaptation ; Pacific Islands ; Traditional ecological knowledge ; Climate change
- 刊名：Regional Environmental Change
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：February 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：17
- 期：2
- 页码：579-592
- 全文大小：
- 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Climate Change; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Oceanography; Geography, general; Regional/Spatial Science; Nature Conservation;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：1436-378X
- 卷排序：17
文摘
Local and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) systems are thought to be particularly valuable for fostering adaptation and resilience to environmental and climate change. This paper investigates the role of TEK in adaptation to social–ecological change at the community level. It is unique because it takes a longitudinal perspective and draws on historical and contemporary data. We focus on a case study from Hawai‘i where TEK, cultural identity, and their relationships to environmental stewardship are locally seen as the basis for social resilience. We describe how coping strategies and indicators of social resilience have changed over time; the role of TEK in resilience; and the implications for climate change adaptation. Our results show the relative contributions of some strategies to cope with social–ecological change have decreased (e.g., forecasting, storage, and mobility), while others have maintained but adapted (e.g., livelihood diversification, knowledge transmission and storage, communal pooling, and cultural identity), underscoring the importance of considering multiple strategies together to promote community resilience. The article argues that understanding how people responded in the past can suggest relevant and culturally appropriate ways—through specific language, values, reference points, and indicators expressed in narratives, proverbs, and songs—of situating climate change and framing adaptation planning. This research also shows that TEK is vital for adaptation to environmental change broadly and climate change in particular, for subsistence-based, indigenous, rural communities, as well as place-based communities living in mixed economies. Thus, it is relevant for the larger Pacific Islands region and other areas that represent a continuum from rural-to-urban and traditional-to-global economies and lifeways.