Climate Change Influences Carrying Capacity in a Coastal Embayment Dedicated to Shellfish Aquaculture

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• 作者：T. Guyondet ; L. A. Comeau ; C. Bacher ; J. Grant ; R. Rosland…
• 关键词：Climate change ; Nutrient loading ; Mussel culture ; Carrying capacity ; Coastal ecosystem ; Numerical modelling
• 刊名：Estuaries and Coasts
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：38
• 期：5
• 页码：1593-1618
• 全文大小：3,521 KB
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  Claustre, H., P. Kerherve, J.
• 作者单位：T. Guyondet (1)
  L. A. Comeau (1)
  C. Bacher (2)
  J. Grant (3)
  R. Rosland (4)
  R. Sonier (1)
  R. Filgueira (1)
  
  1. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Centre, Science Branch, 343 Université Avenue, P.O. Box 5030, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1C 9B6, Canada
  2. Centre de Brest, Ifremer, B.P. 70, Z.I. Pointe du Diable, 29280, Plouzané, France
  3. Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J1, Canada
  4. Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Postbox 7800, 5020, Bergen, Norway
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Ecology
  Geosciences
  Environmental Management
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1559-2731

文摘

A spatially explicit coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model was developed to study a coastal ecosystem under the combined effects of mussel aquaculture, nutrient loading and climate change. The model was applied to St Peter’s Bay (SPB), Prince Edward Island, Eastern Canada. Approximately 40?% of the SPB area is dedicated to mussel (Mytilus edulis) longline culture. Results indicate that the two main food sources for mussels, phytoplankton and organic detritus, are most depleted in the central part of the embayment. Results also suggest that the system is near its ultimate capacity, a state where the energy cycle is restricted to nitrogen-phytoplankton-detritus-mussels with few resources left to be transferred to higher trophic levels. Annually, mussel meat harvesting extracts nitrogen (N) resources equivalent to 42?% of river inputs or 46.5?% of the net phytoplankton primary production. Under such extractive pressure, the phytoplankton biomass is being curtailed to 1980’s levels when aquaculture was not yet developed and N loading was half the present level. Current mussel stocks also decrease bay-scale sedimentation rates by 14?%. Finally, a climate change scenario (year 2050) predicted a 30?% increase in mussel production, largely driven by more efficient utilization of the phytoplankton spring bloom. However, the predicted elevated summer temperatures (>25?°C) may also have deleterious physiological effects on mussels and possibly increase summer mortality levels. In conclusion, cultivated bivalves may play an important role in remediating the negative impacts of land-derived nutrient loading. Climate change may lead to increases in production and ecological carrying capacity as long as the cultivated species can tolerate warmer summer conditions.