In Situ Sampling of Volcanic Emissions with a UAV Sensorweb: Progress and Plans

详细信息    查看全文

• 关键词：Unmanned aircraft ; UAVs ; Volcanoes ; SO2 ; CO2 ; Diffuse emissions
• 刊名：Lecture Notes in Computer Science
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：8964
• 期：1
• 页码：16-27
• 全文大小：2,078 KB
• 参考文献：1.Hobbs, P.V., Tuel, J.P., Hegg, D.A., Radke, L.F., Eltgroth, M.W.: Particles and gases in the emissions from the 1980–1981 volcanic eruptions of Mt St. Helens. J. Geophy. Res. 87, 11062–11086 (1982)CrossRef
  2.Casadevall, T.J., Rose, W.I., et al.: Sulfur dioxide and particles in quiescent volcanic plumes from poas, arenal, and colima volcanoes, costa rica and mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 9, 9633–9641 (1984)CrossRef
  3.Pieri, D.C., Ma, C., Simpson, J.J., Hufford, G.L., Grove, G., Grindle, T.: Analyses of in situ airborne volcanic ash from the feb 2000 eruption of hekla. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 19-1–19-4 (2002)CrossRef
  4.Carn, S.A., Froyd, K.D., et al.: In situ measurements of tropospheric volcanic plumes in Ecuador and Colombia during TC4. J. Geophy. Res. 116, D00J24 (2011). http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1029/​2010JD014718
  5.Casadevall, T.J.: The 1989–1990 eruption of redoubt volcano, alaska: impacts on aircraft operations. J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res. 62, 301–316 (1994)CrossRef
  6.Lacasse, C., Karlsdo´ttir, S., Larsen, G., Suusalu, H., Rose, W.I., Ernst, G.G.J.: Weather radar observations of the hekla 2000 eruption cloud, Iceland. Bull. Volc. 66, 457–473 (2003)
  7.Rose, W.I., Gu, Y., et al.: The February–March 2000 eruption of Hekla, Iceland from a satellite perspective. In: Robock, A., Oppenheimer, C. (eds) Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere. American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph, vol. 139, 107–132 (2003)
  8.Grindle, T.J., Burcham, F.W.: Nasa/ Tm-2003-212030: Engine Damage To A Nasa Dc- 8-72 Airplane From A High-Altitude Encounter With A Diffuse Volcanic Ash Cloud. NASA, Edwards (2003)
  9.Global Volcanism Program : Eyjafjallajokull 03/2010 Fissure eruption and lava flows from E flank on 20 March, Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. BGVN, 35, 03 (2010). http://​www.​volcano.​si.​edu/​world/​volcano.​cfm?​vnum=​1702-02=​&​volpage=​var#bgvn_​3503
  10.Oxford Economics.: Volcanic Ash Impact on Air Travel, report for Airbus Industries. Oxford Economics, Oxford (2012). http://​www.​oxfordeconomics.​Com/​my-oxford/​projects/​128815
  11.Guffanti, M.: Volcanic-ash hazards to aviation in the post-world: a status report. Presented at TETS 2012. In: Proceedings of the Turbine Engine Technology Symposium 2012, Dayton, 10–13 September. 2012. http://​www.​meetingdata.​utcdayton.​com/​agenda/​
  12.Stunder, B.J.B., Heffter, J.L., Draxler, R.R.: Airborne volcanic ash forecast area reliability, weather and forecasting. Weather Forecast. 22, 1132–1139 (2007). doi:10.​1175/​WAF1042.​1 CrossRef
  13.Webley, P.W., Dehn, J., Lovick, J., Dean, K.G., Bailey, J.E., Valcic, L.: Near real time volcanic ash cloud detection: experiences from the alaska volcano observatory. In: Webley, P., Mastin, L. (eds.) Improved Prediction and Tracking of Volcanic Ash Clouds. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 186, 79–90 (2009)
  14.Webley, P.W., Dean, K.G., Dehn, J., Bailey, J.E., Peterson, R.: Volcanic-ash dispersion modeling of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano using the Puff model. In: Power, J.A., Coombs, M.L., Freymueller, J.T. (eds.) The 2006 Eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska. United States Geological Survey, Professional Papers, Ch. 21, vol. 1769, 507–526 (2010)
  15.Springer, P.J.: Military Robots and Drones: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO LLC, Santa Barbara (2013)
  16.Pieri, D.C., Diaz, J.A., Bland, G., Fladeland, M., Madrigal, Y., Corrales, E., Alan, A., Alegria, O., Realmuto, V., Miles, T., Abtahi, A.: In Situ Observations and Sampling of Volcanic Emissions with Unmanned Aircraft: A NASA/UCR Case Study at Turrialba Volcano, Costa Rica. In: Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes, Geological Society of London Special Publication, SP380: pp. 321–352 (2013)
  17.Kreuger, A., Yang, K., Krotkov, N.: Enhanced monitoring of sulfur dioxide sources with hyperspectral UV sensors. In: Picard, R.H., Scha¨fer, K., Comeron, A., Kassianov, E., Mertens, C.J. (eds.) Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XIV. Proceedings of SPIE 7475, SPIE, Bellingham (2009). http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1117/​12.​830142
  18.Krotkov, N.A., Schoeberl, M.R., Morris, G.A., Carn, S., Yang, K.: Dispersion and lifetime of the SO2 cloud from the August 2008 Kasatochi eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, D00L20 (2010). http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1029/​2010JD013984
  19.Ippolito, C., Fladeland, M., Yeh, Y.H.: Applications of payload directed flight. In: Proceedings of the Aerospace Conference IEEE, p. 5, Big Sky, MT, IEEE Explore 7–14 March 2009. http://​ieeexplore.​ieee.​org/​xpl/​freeabs_​all.​jsp?​arnumber=​4839612 DOI: 10.​1109/​AERO.​2009.​4839612
  20.Christensen, L.E., Brunner, B., Truong, K.N., Mielke, R.E., Webster, C.R., Coleman, M.: Measurement of sulfur isotope compositions by tunable laser spectroscopy of SO2. Anal. Chem. (2007). doi:10.​1021/​ac071040p
  21.Christensen, L.E., Spiers, G.D., Menzies, R.T., Jacob, J.: Tunable Laser Spectroscopy of CO2 near 2.05 μm: atmosph. retrieval biases due to neglecting line-mixing. J. Quant. Spec Rad. Trans. 110, 739–748 (2012)CrossRef
  22.Burton, M.R., Sawyer, G.M., Granieri, D.: Deep carbon emissions from volcanoes, 2013. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 75, 323–354 (2013)CrossRef
  23.Pedone, M., Aiuppa, A., Giudice, G., Grassa, F., Francofonte, V., Bergsson, B., Ilyinskaya, E.: Tunable diode laser measurements of hydrothermal/volcanic CO2, and implications for the global CO2 budget. Solid Earth Discuss. 6, 2645–2674 (2014). doi:10.​5194/​sed-6-2645-2014 , www.​solid-earthdiscuss.​net/​6/​2645/​2014/​ CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：David Pieri (15)
  Jorge Andres Diaz (16)
  
  15. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
  16. GasLab of the Center for Investigations in Atomic, Nuclear, and Molecular Sciences (CICANUM), University of Costa Rica, Sanjose, Costa Rica
  
• 丛书名：Dynamic Data-Driven Environmental Systems Science
• ISBN：978-3-319-25138-7
• 刊物类别：Computer Science
• 刊物主题：Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
  Computer Communication Networks
  Software Engineering
  Data Encryption
  Database Management
  Computation by Abstract Devices
  Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1611-3349

文摘

A consortium of NASA, commercial, and academic partners, we have begun utilize small UAVs and aerostats for in situ sampling of volcanogenic gases and aerosols, using Turrialba Volcano as natural laboratory. Significant progress has been made over the last several years in utilizing single platforms with a number of newly miniaturized instruments appropriate to aircraft with sub-500 gm payloads. For example, we have been mapping the SO₂-water-vapor plume at Turrialba, for comparison with NASA spacecraft-based (e.g., ASTER) data, and are measuring diffuse CO₂ emissions over the volcano’s flanks, as well as in and near its eruption column. Future work will include devising strategies, platforms, and instrumentation for deployments of multiple UAV formations (“swarms”) as 2D and 3D time-series meshes, to better characterize the mass fluxes and dynamics of emissions. We plan to undertake test flights in the United States, as well as at Turrialba and Poas Volcanoes in Costa Rica. Our most immediate aims are to improve characterizations of local emissions for mitigation of proximal volcanic hazards and for validation of abundance retrievals and transport models based on orbital data. Overall, of course, we strive to better understand how volcanoes work, specifically to better constrain estimates of global SO₂ and CO₂ perennial (diffuse) and event-related (eruptive) emissions—changes in which may foster regional and global climate perturbations.