Biofilm, pathogenesis and prevention—a journey to break the wall: a review

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• 作者：Priya Gupta ; Subhasis Sarkar ; Bannhi Das ; Surajit Bhattacharjee…
• 关键词：Biofilm formation ; Pathogenesis ; Drug tolerance ; Antibiofilm therapeutics
• 刊名：Archives of Microbiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：198
• 期：1
• 页码：1-15
• 全文大小：2,885 KB
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• 作者单位：Priya Gupta (1)
  Subhasis Sarkar (1)
  Bannhi Das (2)
  Surajit Bhattacharjee (1)
  Prosun Tribedi (3)
  
  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
  2. Department of Biotechnology, Mount Carmel College, Bangalore, 560 052, India
  3. Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, 781017, India
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Microbiology
  Microbial Ecology
  Biochemistry
  Cell Biology
  Biotechnology
  Ecology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-072X

文摘

Biofilms contain group(s) of microorganisms that are found to be associated with the biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms contain either homogenous or heterogeneous populations of bacteria which remain in the matrix made up of extracellular polymeric substances secreted by constituent population of the biofilm. Biofilms can be either single or multilayered. Biofilms are an increasing issue of concern that is gaining importance with each passing day. Due to the ubiquitous nature of biofilms, it is difficult to eradicate them. It has been seen that many infectious diseases harbour biofilms of bacterial pathogens as the reservoir of persisting infections which can prove fatal at times. The presence of biofilms can be seen in diseases like endocarditis, cystic fibrosis, periodontitis, rhinosinusitis and osteomyelitis. The presence of biofilms has been mostly seen in medical implants and urinary catheters. Various signalling events including two-component signalling, extra cytoplasmic function and quorum sensing are involved in the formation of biofilms. The presence of an extracellular polymeric matrix in biofilms makes it difficult for the antimicrobials to act on them and make the bacteria tolerant to antibiotics and other drugs. The aim of this review was to discuss about the basic formation of a biofilm, various signalling cascades involved in biofilm formation, possible mechanisms of drug resistance in biofilms and recent therapeutic approaches involved in successful eradication of biofilms.