Opportunities for improved promotion of ecosystem services in agriculture under the Water-Energy-Food Nexus
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- 作者：Andrew Bell ; Nathanial Matthews ; Wei Zhang
- 关键词：Ecosystems ; Water ; energy ; food nexus ; Hydropower ; Agriculture ; Payment for ecosystem services ; Systems thinking ; Integrated pest management
- 刊名：Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：6
- 期：1
- 页码：183-191
- 全文大小：924 KB
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World Economic Forum (2011) Water security: the water-food-energy-climate nexus. Washington, DC - 作者单位：Andrew Bell (1)
Nathanial Matthews (2)
Wei Zhang (3)
1. Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, NY, USA
2. The CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems, CGIAR, Colombo, Sri Lanka
3. Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA - 刊物主题：Environment, general; Sustainable Development;
- 出版者：Springer US
- ISSN：2190-6491
文摘
In this study, we focus on water quality as a vehicle to illustrate the role that the water, energy, and food (WEF) Nexus perspective may have in promoting ecosystem services in agriculture. The mediation of water quality by terrestrial systems is a key ecosystem service for a range of actors (municipalities, fishers, industries, and energy providers) and is reshaped radically by agricultural activity. To address these impacts, many programs exist to promote improved land-use practices in agriculture; however, where these practices incur a cost or other burden to the farmer, adoption can be low unless some form of incentive is provided (as in a payment for ecosystem services (PES) program). Provision of such incentives can be a challenge to sustain in the long term, if there is not a clear beneficiary or other actor willing to provide them. Successfully closing the loop between impacts and incentives often requires identifying a measurable and valuable service with a clear central beneficiary that is impacted by the summative effects of the diffuse agricultural practices across the landscape. Drawing on cases from our own research, we demonstrate how the WEF Nexus perspective—by integrating non-point-source agricultural problems under well-defined energy issues—can highlight central beneficiaries of improved agricultural practice, where none may have existed otherwise.