Occupational exposure to chemicals and oxidative toxic stress

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• 作者：Esmaeel Soleimani (1)
  Rashid Hidari Moghadam (2)
  Akram Ranjbar (3)
  
  1. Student Research Committee and Department of Occupational Health ; School of Public Health Hamadan University of Medical Sciences ; Hamadan ; Iran
  2. Department of Occupational Health ; School of Public Health ; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences ; Hamadan ; Iran
  3. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology ; School of Pharmacy ; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences ; Hamadan ; Iran
  
• 关键词：Chemicals ; Occupational exposure ; Toxicity ; Free radicals ; Oxidative toxic stress ; Antioxidants
• 刊名：Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：7
• 期：1
• 页码：1-24
• 全文大小：395 KB
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• 刊物主题：Pharmacology/Toxicology; Environmental Health;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：2233-7784

文摘

Humans are occupationally and environmentally exposed to different types of xenobiotics such as pesticides and metals. Exposure to these compounds can alter the oxidants/prooxidants and antioxidants balance through increasing oxidative toxic stress (OTS) condition. OTS can be defined as the exposure of molecule, cell or tissue, to the excess levels of oxidants, particularly to the free radicals, such as superoxide or hydroxyl radicals, which commonly refer to reactive oxygen species (ROS). OTS may occur either due to the overproduction of ROS or to the decrease of cellular antioxidant levels. There is now a strong body of evidence indicating that exposure to chemicals in workplaces is mediated via oxidant signaling pathways. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the role of some common chemicals in formation of free radicals and the induction of OTS.