Urinary retention and uterine leiomyomas: a case series and systematic review of the literature

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• 作者：Clara Q. Wu ; Guylaine Lefebvre ; Helena Frecker…
• 关键词：Acute urinary retention ; Fibroid ; induced retention ; Uterine leiomyomas ; Urinary obstruction
• 刊名：International Urogynecology Journal
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：26
• 期：9
• 页码：1277-1284
• 全文大小：242 KB
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• 作者单位：Clara Q. Wu (1)
  Guylaine Lefebvre (2)
  Helena Frecker (2)
  Heinrich Husslein (2) (3)
  
  1. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
  2. Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael鈥檚 Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
  
• 刊物主题：Gynecology; Urology/Andrology;
• 出版者：Springer London
• ISSN：1433-3023

文摘

Uterine leiomyomas are underrecognized as a cause of acute urinary retention (AUR) in women. The objective of this study was to present a case series and systematic review of the literature, to elucidate the pathogenesis of leiomyoma-related AUR, and to suggest management strategies. We included patients presenting with AUR and uterine leiomyomas at our institution between January 2011 and December 2013. Further, we systematically searched the Cochrane Library (from 1898 to June 2014), EMBASE (from 1947 to June 2014), and MEDLINE (from 1946 to June 2014) databases according to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of six patients with AUR and leiomyomas presented to our institution. Through the systematic review, another 31 cases of AUR were identified. Combined patient ages ranged from 25 to 75 years. Uterine size ranged from 10 to 22 weeks on physical examination and from 5.5 to 26 cm on imaging. The dominant leiomyoma size ranged from 5.7 to 22.4 cm. Significant risk factors were posterior or fundal leiomyoma position and the presence of a retroverted uterus. Proposed mechanisms for leiomyoma-related AUR include proximal urethra or bladder-neck compression, premenstrual pelvic congestion, vascular steal effect, and compression of pudendal or sacral nerves. Patients were treated with hysterectomy, myomectomy, uterine fibroid embolization, hormones, or by conservative management alone. In the absence of neurologic disorders or other risk factors, neither urodynamic studies nor neuromuscular testing seem to contribute to diagnosis or guide management in women with uterine leiomyomas and AUR. Patients presenting to gynecologists seem to experience shorter times to diagnosis and treatment compared with other specialties. It is essential to recognize leiomyomas as a potential cause of AUR in order to reduce unnecessary testing and delays in diagnosis and management. Keywords Acute urinary retention Fibroid-induced retention Uterine leiomyomas Urinary obstruction