Distribution of Ophioglossum reticulatum L. in South America. A case of long-distance jump dispersal?

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• 作者：Esteban I. Meza Torres (1)
  Bibiana Cerne (2) (4) (5)
  Ana G. Ulke (2) (5)
  Marta A. Morbelli (3)
  
  1. Instituto de Bot谩nica del Nordeste ; CONICET鈥揢NNE ; Corrientes ; Argentina
  2. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atm贸sfera y los Oc茅anos ; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales ; UBA ; Buenos Aires ; Argentina
  4. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atm贸sfera (CIMA) ; CONICET-UBA ; Buenos Aires ; Argentina
  5. UMI IFAECI/CNRS ; Buenos Aires ; Argentina
  3. C谩tedra de Palinolog铆a ; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata ; Universidad Nacional de La Plata ; La Plata ; Argentina
  
• 关键词：Jump dispersal ; Recurrent migration ; Disseminules ; Ferns ; Monsoon ; Low ; level jet
• 刊名：International Journal of Biometeorology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：59
• 期：2
• 页码：137-150
• 全文大小：2,339 KB
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• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Animal Physiology
  Plant Physiology
  Environmental Medicine/Environmental Psychology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1254

文摘

The objective of this exploratory work is to test the hypothesis that South American populations of Ophioglossum reticulatum L. derive from Africa. Spores cross the Atlantic transported by wind and arrive in South America in recurrent migration. Three-dimensional (backward and forward) trajectories of spores between Africa and South America were calculated using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT4). The model showed possible backward trajectories in the low troposphere arriving in South America with probable origin in Northwestern Africa. The results support the hypothesis of long-distance dispersal of the studied species. Including vertical motion in the model runs allowed obtaining valuable and novel information about the migration routes. The trade winds combined with the South American monsoon could be a dispersal vehicle for the disseminules from Northwestern Africa to the eastern slopes of the Andes. As the monsoon is a periodic regional atmospheric circulation pattern, transcontinental migration can be assumed to be a recurring phenomenon that provides genetic exchange and prevents speciation by reproductive isolation. Modelled forward trajectories connect the neotropics with Africa-Madagascar, but they seem to be less effective due to their travelling altitudes. This hypothesis might explain the absence of infraspecific taxa restricted to different geographic locations.