Is There a North鈥揝outh Divide in Integration Outcomes? A Comparison of the Integration Outcomes of Immigrants in Southern and Northern Europe

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hector Cebolla-Boado (1)
  Claudia Finotelli (2)
  
  1. Dept. Sociolog铆a II ; Facultad de Ciencias Pol铆ticas y Sociolog铆a ; UNED ; Calle Obispo Trejo 2 ; 28040 ; Madrid ; Spain
  2. Dept. Sociolog铆a II ; Facultad de Ciencias Pol铆ticas y Sociolog铆a ; UCM ; Campus de Somosaguas ; Madrid ; Spain
  
• 关键词：Integration policies ; Education ; Literacy ; Labor market ; Unemployment ; Southern Europe
• 刊名：European Journal of Population / Revue europ隆搂|enne de D隆搂|mographie
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：31
• 期：1
• 页码：77-102
• 全文大小：516 KB
• 参考文献：1. Arango, J., & Baldwin-Edwards, M. (Eds.). (2000) / Immigrants and the informal economy in Southern Europe. London: Frank Cass.
  2. Altinok, N., & Murseli, H. (2007). International database on human capital quality. / Economics Letters, / 96(2), 237鈥?44. CrossRef
  3. Banton, M. (2001). National integration in France and Britain. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 27, 151鈥?68. CrossRef
  4. Bernardi, F., Garrido, L., & Miyar, M. (2011). The recent fast upsurge of immigrants in Spain and their employment patterns and occupational attainment. / International Migration, / 49(1), 148鈥?87. CrossRef
  5. Boudon, R. (1974). / Education, opportunity, and social inequality: Changing prospects in Western society. New York: Wiley.
  6. Calavita, K. (2005). / Immigrants at the margins: Law, race, and exclusion in Southern Europe. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. CrossRef
  7. Calavita, K. (2007). Law, immigration and exclusion in Italy and Spain. / Papers, / 85, 95鈥?08.
  8. Caponio, T., & Borckert, M. (2010). / The local dimension of migration policymaking. Amsterdam: AUP. CrossRef
  9. Carling, J. (2007). Migration control and migrant fatalities at the Spanish-African borders, / International Migration Review, 41(2), 316鈥?43.
  10. Cebolla-Boado, H. (2011). Primary and Secondary effects in the explanation of immigrant鈥檚 educational disadvantage. / British Journal of Sociology of Education, / 32(3), 407鈥?30. CrossRef
  11. Cebolla-Boado, H., & Finotelli, C. (2011). Integration beyond models: An empirical outlook to the impact of integration models. In / Estudios聽=聽 / Working papers/ / Instituto Juan March de Estudios e Investigaciones, / Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias Sociales 2011/ / 264. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias Sociales.
  12. Cheung, S.-Y., & Heath, A. (2007). Nice work if you can get it: Ethnic penalties in Great Britain. In A. Heath & S. Cheung (Eds.), / Unequal chances: Ethnic minorities in western labour markets (pp. 505鈥?48). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  13. Davis, K. (1988). Social sciences approaches to international migration. / Population and Development Review, 14, 245鈥?61.
  14. De los Reyes, P., & Kamali, M. (2005). / Bortom Vi och Dom: / Teoretiska reflektioner / om makt, / integration och strukturell diskriminering. Rapport av Utredningen om makt, integration och strukturell diskriminering. Stockholm: SOU.
  15. Ersanilli, E., & Koopmans, R. (2011). Do immigrant integration policies matter? A three country comparison among Turkish immigrants. / West European Politics, / 34(2), 208鈥?34. CrossRef
  16. Fanning, B., & Mutwarasibo, F. (2007). Nationals/non-nationals. Immigration, citizenship and politics in the Republic of Ireland. / Ethnic and Racial Studies, / 30(3), 439鈥?60. CrossRef
  17. Favell, A. (2003). Integration nations: The nation-state and research on immigrants in Western Europe in the multicultural challenge. / Comparative Social Research, / 22, 13鈥?2. CrossRef
  18. Finotelli, C. (2009). The North鈥揝outh myth revised: A comparison of the Italian and German migration Regimes. / West European Politics, 32(5), 886鈥?03.
  19. Finotelli, C., & Michalowski, I. (2012). The heuristic potential of Models of Citizenship and Immigrant Integration Reviewed. / Immigrant and Refugee Studies, / 10(3), 231鈥?40. CrossRef
  20. Fleischmann, F., & Dronkers, J. (2010). Unemployment among immigrants in European labour markets: An analysis of origin and destination effects. / Work, Employment and Society, / 26, 396鈥?11.
  21. Freemann, G. (2004). Immigrant incorporation in Western democracies. / International Migration Review, / 38(3), 945鈥?69. CrossRef
  22. Friedrich, L., & Waibel, W. (2013). Local integration concepts in Germany鈥擠iffusion of an integration model? / Imis Beitr盲ge, / 41, 53鈥?2.
  23. Fullin, G., & Reyneri, E. (2011). Low unemployment and bad jobs for new immigrants in Italy. / International Migration, / 49(1), 118鈥?47. CrossRef
  24. Hagelund, A. (2002). Problematizing culture: Discourses on integration in Norway. / Journal of International Migration and Integration, / 3(3鈥?), 401鈥?15. CrossRef
  25. Hagelund, A., & Brochmann, G. (2010). From rights to duties? Welfare and citizenship for immigrants and refugees in Scandinavia. In P. Baert, S. Koniordos, G. Procacci, & C. Ruzza (Eds.), / Conflict, citizenship and civil society. London: Routledge/ESA Studies in European Societies.
  26. Heath, A., & Birnbaum, Y. (Eds.). (2007). The new second generation. / Ethnicities, / 7(special issue).
  27. Heath, A., & Cheung, S. (2007). / Unequal chances: / Ethnic minorities in western labour markets (hardback). Series: Proceedings of the British Academy. Oxford: British Academy/Oxford University Press.
  28. Heath, A. F., Rothon, C., & Kilpi, E. (2008). The second generation in Western Europe: Education, unemployment, and occupational attainment. / Annual Review of Sociology, 34, 211鈥?35.
  29. Holm, G., & Lunde, M. (2010). The discourse on multicultural education in Finland: Education for whom? / Intercultural Education, / 21(2), 107鈥?20. CrossRef
  30. Jensen, T. G. (2008). To be 鈥楧anish鈥? becoming 鈥楳uslim鈥? Contestations of national identity? / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 34(3), 389鈥?09. CrossRef
  31. Jonsson, J. O., & Rudolphi, F. (2011). Weak performance鈥擲trong determination. School achievement and educational choice among children of immigrants in Sweden. / European Sociological Review, / 27, 487鈥?08. CrossRef
  32. Joppke, C. (2005). / Selecting by origin. Ethnic migration in the liberal state. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
  33. Joppke, C. (2007). Beyond national models: Civic integration policies for immigrants in Western Europe. / West European Politics, / 30(1), 1鈥?2. CrossRef
  34. Joppke, C. (2009). Limits of integration policy: Britain and her Muslims. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 25(3), 453鈥?72. CrossRef
  35. Kestila, E. (2006). Is there demand for radical right populism in the Finnish electorate? / Scandinavian Political Studies, / 29(3), 169鈥?91. CrossRef
  36. King, R., Lazaridis, G., & Tsardanidis, C. (Eds.). (2000). / Eldorado or Fortress? Migration in South Europe. Basingstoke: McMillan.
  37. Koopmans, R. (2008). Tradeoffs between equality and difference immigrant integration, multiculturalism, and the welfare state in cross-national perspective. Berlin: Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB discussion paper; SP IV 2008鈥?01). http://bibliothek.wzb.eu/pdf/2008/iv08-701.pdf.
  38. Koopmans, R. (2010). Trade-offs between equality and difference: Immigrant integration, multiculturalism and the welfare state in cross-national perspective. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 36(1), 1鈥?6. CrossRef
  39. Koopmans, R., Michalowski, I., & Waibel, S. (2012). Citizenship rights for immigrants. National political processes and cross-national convergence in Western Europe, 1980鈥?008. / American Journal of Sociology, / 29(3), 1202鈥?245. CrossRef
  40. Koopmans, R., Statham, P., Giugni, M., & Passy, F. (2005). / Contested citizenship. Immigration and cultural diversity in Europe. London: University of Minnesota Press.
  41. Lee, J., & Barro, R. J. (2001). Schooling quality in a cross-section of countries. / Economica, / 68(272), 465鈥?88. CrossRef
  42. Loobuyck, P., & Jacobs, D. (2009). Migration and integration policy in Belgium and Flanders in Belgian society and politics 2009鈥擳he diversity challenge for the left. / Annual Review, / 3, 19鈥?7.
  43. Marks, G. N. (2005). Accounting for immigrant non-immigrant differences in reading and mathematics in twenty countries. / Ethnic and Racial Studies, / 28(5), 925鈥?46. CrossRef
  44. Massey, D. S. (1999). International migration at the dawn of the Twenty-first Century: The role of the state. / Population and Development Review, 25(2), 303鈥?22.
  45. Monzini, P., Pastore, F., & Sciortino, G. (2006). Schengen鈥檚 soft underbelly? Irregular migration and human smuggling across land and sea borders to Italy. / International Migration, 44(4), 1鈥?5.
  46. OECD Education Ministerial Meeting. (2010). / Tackling the effects of the crisis on education. Paris: OECD.
  47. Peixoto, J., Arango, J., Bonifazi, C., Finotelli, C., Sabino, C., Strozza, S., et al. (2012). The southern European model of immigration. In M. Okolski (Ed.), / European immigration. Trends, structures and policy implications (pp. 149鈥?57). Amsterdam: AUP.
  48. Pitk盲nen, M., & Kouki, S. (2002). Meeting foreign cultures: A survey of the attitudes of Finnish authorities towards immigrants and immigration. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 28(1), 103鈥?18. CrossRef
  49. Rydgren, J. (2004). Mechanisms of exclusion: Ethnic discrimination in the Swedish labour market. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 30(4), 697鈥?16. CrossRef
  50. Stanat, P., & Christensen, G. (2006). / Where immigrant students succeed鈥擜 comparative review of performance and engagement in PISA 2003. Paris: OECD.
  51. Triandafyllidou, A., & Gropas, R. (2009). Constructing difference: The mosque debates in Greece. / Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, / 35(6), 957鈥?75. CrossRef
  52. Van de Werfhorst, H. G., Mijs, J. J. B. (2010). Achievement inequality and the institutional structure of educational systems: A comparative perspective. / Annual Review of Sociology, 36(1), 407鈥?28. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102538 .
  53. Van Den Breemer, R., & Maussen, M. (2012). On the viability of state-church models: Muslim burial and mosque building in France and the Netherlands. / Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies, / 10(3), 279鈥?98.
  54. van Tubergen, F., Maas, I., & Flaap, H. (2004). The economic incorporation of immigrants in 18 western societies: Origin, destination, and community effects. / American Sociological Review, / 13, 390鈥?12.
  55. Zapata-Barrero, R. (2010). Managing Diversity in Spanish Society: A practical approach. / Journal of Intercultural Studies, / 31(4), 383鈥?02. CrossRef
  56. Zincone, G. (2000). A model of 鈥楻easonable Integration鈥? / International Migration Review, / 40(1), 104鈥?32.
  
• 刊物主题：Demography; Sociology, general; Human Geography; Population Economics; Public Finance & Economics; Methodology of the Social Sciences;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-9885

文摘

Integration models are often viewed as a necessary tool for framing integration policies, and for measuring integration efficiency. While 鈥渙ld鈥?European immigration countries in Europe account for a systematic framework of integration policies embedded in a given integration philosophy, new immigration countries (particularly Italy, Greece, Portugal and Spain) have lacked a coherent set of integration policies and practices and, it goes without saying, a philosophical approach to integration. This vacuum has often been seen as a source of marginalization and 鈥榙ifferential exclusion鈥? suggesting the existence of a North鈥揝outh divide in integration matters, and more importantly, outcomes. However, there is still a striking lack of appropriate comparative empirical evidence backing or dismissing this divide. The objective of this article is to explore national-level differences in the real performance of immigrants in selected European countries of immigration along key indicators of integration outcomes, including school attainment and labor market participation. We here discuss the position of Italy, Spain, Greece and Portugal as a coherent cluster of countries and compare the performance of their migrants with that of other foreign-born workers settled in the West of Europe. Our evidence provides little support for the idea that the Southern countries are a unique cluster and that they homogeneously lag behind in terms of integration outcomes.