Outdoor PM10 source apportionment in metropolitan cities—a case study
详细信息 查看全文
- 作者：Atefeh Kholdebarin ; Aida Biati ; Faramarz Moattar…
- 关键词：Outdoor PM10 ; Source apportionment ; Chemical mass balance ; Metropolitan cities
- 刊名：Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：February 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：187
- 期：2
- 全文大小：593 KB
- 参考文献：1. Abu-Allaban, M., Lowenthal, D. H., Getler, A. W., & Labib, M. (2007). Source of PM10 and PM2.5 in Cairo’s ambient air. / Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 133, 417-25. CrossRef
2. Antony Chen, L. W., Watson, J. G., Chow, J. C., DuBois, D. W., & Herschberger, L. (2010). Chemical mass balance source apportionment for combined pm2/5 measurement from US non-urban and urban long-term networks. / Atmospheric Environment, 440, 4908-918. CrossRef
3. AQGP. (2013). Air Quality Guide for Particle Pollution, Office of Air Quality and Radiation (6301A), EPA-456/F-13-005, www.airnow.gov.
4. Argyropoulos, G., Manoli, E., Kouras, A., & Samara, C. (2012). Concentrations and source apportionment of PM10 and associated major and trace elements in the Rhodes Island, Greece. / Science of the Total Environment, 432, 12-2. CrossRef
5. Atabi, F., Abbaspour, M., Karbassi, A. R., & Haj Mirza Hosseini, S. A. (2007). Modeling the emission of particulate matter using ADMS-Urban. / Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 9, 1-5.
6. Bernardoni, V., Vecchi, R., Valli, G., Piazzalunga, A., & Fermo, P. (2011). PM10 source apportionment in Milan (Italy) using time-resolved data. / Science of the Total Environment, 409, 4788-795. CrossRef
7. Bravo Alvarez, H., Sosa Echeverria, R., Sanchez Alvarez, P., & Krupa, S. (2013). Air quality standards for particulate matter (PM) at high altitude cities. / Environmental Pollution, 173, 255-56. CrossRef
8. Caseiro, A., Bauer, H., Marr, I., Pio, C., Puxbaum, H., & Simeonov, V. (2008). / P5.1 Aerosols in the atmosphere; quantifying source contribution to ambient particulate matter in austria with chemical mass balance receptor modeling ( / pp (711-12)). Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIX , NATO Science for Peace and Security Series Series C: Environmental Security 2008.
9. Cheng, Y., Lee, Sh., Gu, Zh., Ho, K., Zhang, Y., Huang, Y., Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Cao, J., & Zhang, R. (2013). PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 chemical composition and source apportionment near a Hong Kong roadway. / Particuology, in press, doi:10.1016/J.Partic.2013.003
10. Christensen, W. F. (2004). Chemical mass balance analysis of air quality data when unknown pollution sources are present. / Atmospheric Environment, 38, 4305-317. CrossRef
11. Coulter, C.Th. (2004). EPA-CMB 8.2 user manual. Air Quality Modeling Group Emissions, Monitoring & Analysis Division Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
12. Ejtehadi, M. (2007). / An overview on comprehensive plan to control air pollution in Tehran with an emphasis on particulate matter and presenting management strategies. Tehran: Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University [in Persian].
13. Gupta, A. K., Karar, K., & Srivastava, A. (2007). Chemical mass balance source apportionment of PM10 and TSP in residential and industrial sites of an urban region of Kolkata, India. / Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142, 279-87. CrossRef
14. Hou, Q., An, X., Wang, Y., Tao, Y., & Sun, Z. (2012). An assessment of China's PM10-related health economic losses in 2009. / Science of the Total Environment, 435-36, 61-5. CrossRef
15. Ji, A. M., Yan, S. M., Gao, Y., Wan, S. R., & Liu, H. Y. (2012). Source apportionment of PM10 in the open air of urban area in Tangshan, China. / Applied Mechanics and Materials, 209-11, 1545-548. CrossRef
16. Juda-Rezler, K., Reizer, M., & Oudinet, J. P. (2011). Determination and analysis of PM10 source apportionment during episodes of air pollution in Central Eastern European urban areas: the case of wintertime 2006. / Atmospheric Environment, - 作者单位：Atefeh Kholdebarin (1)
Aida Biati (1)
Faramarz Moattar (2)
Seyed Mahmoud Shariat (1)
1. Department of Natural Resources Engineering-Environment, Graduate Faculty of Environment and Energy, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment and Energy, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran - 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Environment
Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
Ecology
Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
Environmental Management - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-2959
文摘
This study was carried out to specify contribution of different sources in PM10 emission in Tehran City using chemical mass balance method. This is the first time that this method is used in Iran. To this end, the metallic elements including V, Ni, As, Pb, Cd, Hg, Mn, Al, Ca, K, Na, Fe, Zn, Sc, and S were sampled on the filters of high-volume sampler installed at four stations in Tehran. Afterward, highly sensitive inductively coupled plasma (ICP-M90; model aurora-Elit) was used to determine concentration of the elements precipitated on the filters. The obtained results were then compared with standard values. According to the results, the concentration of Cd (16.8?ng/m3) was higher than the standard level of 5?ng/m3 at District 16 on November 14th 2012 which is almost three times the permissible limit. None of the elements Pb, Mn, V, and Hg exceeded the permissible limits except for Ni at District 16. Subsequently, the enrichment factor of the elements was calculated to indicate that elements of anthropogenic origins (Zn, S, Ni, and Hg) are highly enriched with respect to crustal composition (Na, Fe, and Ca). Exceedance factor were calculated for elements of each site to show that all study sites were in low-pollution category. Afterward, the contribution of different pollution sources of road dust, vehicles, and industries in emission of outdoor PM10 was investigated through chemical mass balance (CMB) method. According to which, the highest contribution comes from road dust with a share of 95.4?% of the total outdoor PM10 emission in Tehran mainly originated from the wear and friction of car tires with asphalt pavement. High calcium concentration in all districts of the city confirms the claim. Furthermore, transportation, with a significant difference, has a contribution of 4.05?% of total outdoor PM10 released while industries share very little about 0.4?%. In overall, the quality of road pavement could be a determining factor in releasing considerable amount of outdoor PM10 in urban areas.