参考文献:1. Arepally GM, Ortel TL. Clinical practice. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. New Engl J Med. 2006;355:809-7. CrossRef 2. Greinacher A, Warkentin TE. Recognition, treatment, and prevention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: review and update. Thromb Res. 2006;118:165-6. CrossRef 3. Warkentin TE, Linkins LA. Non-necrotizing heparin-induced skin lesions and the 4T’s score. J Thromb Haemost JTH. 2010;8:1483-. CrossRef 4. Davies JO, Patel P, Zoumot Z. Diagnosing heparin induced thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2010;36:1447-. CrossRef 5. Williamson DR, Albert M, Heels-Ansdell D, et al. Thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients receiving thromboprophylaxis: frequency, risk factors, and outcomes. Chest. 2013;144:1207-5. CrossRef 6. Lo GK, Juhl D, Warkentin TE, Sigouin CS, Eichler P, Greinacher A. Evaluation of pretest clinical score (4 T’s) for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in two clinical settings. J Thromb Haemost JTH. 2006;4:759-5. CrossRef 7. Warkentin TE, Sheppard JA, Moore JC, Moore KM, Sigouin CS, Kelton JG. Laboratory testing for the antibodies that cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: how much class do we need? J Lab Clin Med. 2005;146:341-. CrossRef 8. Selleng S, Malowsky B, Strobel U, et al. Early-onset and persisting thrombocytopenia in post-cardiac surgery patients is rarely due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, even when antibody tests are positive. J Thromb Haemost JTH. 2010;8:30-. CrossRef 9. Zhao D, Sun X, Yao L, et al. The clinical significance and risk factors of anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibody on maintenance hemodialysis patients: a two-year prospective follow-up. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e62239. CrossRef 10. Warkentin TE, Greinacher A, Gruel Y, et al. Laboratory testing for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a conceptual framework and implications for diagnosis. J Thromb Haemost JTH. 2011;9:2498-00. CrossRef 11. Greinacher A, Amiral J, Dummel V, Vissac A, Kiefel V, Mueller-Eckhardt C. Laboratory diagnosis of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and comparison of platelet aggregation test, heparin-induced platelet activation test, and platelet factor 4/heparin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Transfusion. 1994;34:381-. CrossRef 12. Warkentin TE, Hayward CP, Smith CA, Kelly PM, Kelton JG. Determinants of donor platelet variability when testing for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Lab Clin Med. 1992;120:371-. 13. Lasocki S, Piednoir P, Ajzenberg N, Geffroy A, Benbara A, Montravers P. Anti-PF4/heparin antibodies associated with repeated hemofiltration-filter clotting: a retrospective study. Crit Care. 2008;12:R84. CrossRef 14. Crowther MA, Cook DJ, Albert M, et al. The 4Ts scoring system for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in medical-surgical intensive care unit patients. J Crit Care. 2010;25:287-3. CrossRef 15. Bertrand PM, Perbet S, Sapin AF, et al. Heparin-induced skin necrosis: HIT-2 without thrombocytopenia. Intensive Care Med. 2011;37:172-. CrossRef 16. Godet T, Perbet S, Lebreton A, et al. Low Molecular Weight Heparin Induced Skin Necrosis without Platelet Fall Revealing Immunoallergic Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia. Case Reports in
刊物类别:Medicine
刊物主题:Medicine & Public Health Anesthesiology Intensive and Critical Care Medicine Statistics for Life Sciences, Medicine and Health Sciences
出版者:Springer Netherlands
ISSN:1573-2614
文摘
Repeated early hemofiltration filter clotting are real thrombotic events. Diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in this setting in ICU remains difficult. We describe two cases of repeated early hemofiltration filters clotting in ICU and to evaluate their impact on the probability test 4T’s score and diagnosis of HIT. Two patients undergoing at least three repeated early hemofiltration clotting filters in