Influence of hydrological, biogeochemical and temperature transients on subsurface carbon fluxes in a flood plain environment
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- 作者：Bhavna Arora ; Nicolas F. Spycher ; Carl I. Steefel ; Sergi Molins…
- 关键词：Flood plain ; Reduced zones ; Subsurface carbon dynamics ; Temporal variability ; Biogeochemical processes
- 刊名：Biogeochemistry
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：February 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：127
- 期：2-3
- 页码：367-396
- 全文大小：3,208 KB
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Nicolas F. Spycher (1)
Carl I. Steefel (1)
Sergi Molins (1)
Markus Bill (1)
Mark E. Conrad (1)
Wenming Dong (1)
Boris Faybishenko (1)
Tetsu K. Tokunaga (1)
Jiamin Wan (1)
Kenneth H. Williams (1)
Steven B. Yabusaki (2)
1. Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 74-327R, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
2. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA - 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Earth sciences
Geochemistry
Biochemistry
Soil Science and Conservation
Terrestrial Pollution - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-515X
文摘
Flood plains play a potentially important role in the global carbon cycle. The accumulation of organic matter in flood plains often induces the formation of chemically reduced groundwater and sediments along riverbanks. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the cumulative impact of such reduced zones, water table fluctuations, and temperature gradients on subsurface carbon fluxes in a flood plain at Rifle, Colorado located along the Colorado River. 2-D coupled variably-saturated, non-isothermal flow and biogeochemical reactive transport modeling was applied to improve our understanding of the abiotic and microbially mediated reactions controlling carbon dynamics at the Rifle site. Model simulations considering only abiotic reactions (thus ignoring microbial reactions) underestimated CO2 partial pressures observed in the unsaturated zone and severely underestimated inorganic (and overestimated organic) carbon fluxes to the river compared to simulations with biotic pathways. Both model simulations and field observations highlighted the need to include microbial contributions from chemolithoautotrophic processes (e.g., Fe+2 and S−2 oxidation) to match locally-observed high CO2 concentrations above reduced zones. Observed seasonal variations in CO2 concentrations in the unsaturated zone could not be reproduced without incorporating temperature gradients in the simulations. Incorporating temperature fluctuations resulted in an increase in the annual groundwater carbon fluxes to the river by 170 % to 3.3 g m−2 d−1, while including water table variations resulted in an overall decrease in the simulated fluxes. We conclude that spatial microbial and redox zonation as well as temporal fluctuations of temperature and water table depth contribute significantly to subsurface carbon fluxes in flood plains and need to be represented appropriately in model simulations.