Innovations in the data processing algorithm for Chinese FY meteorological satellites

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• 作者：Jianmin Xu ; Qiang Guo ; Qifen Lu …
• 关键词：meteorological satellite ; data processing algorithm ; image navigation ; radiation calibration ; data assimilation
• 刊名：Journal of Meteorological Research
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：October 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：28
• 期：5
• 页码：948-964
• 全文大小：3,208 KB
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  - - - et al., 2011b: Characterizing the FY-3A microwave temperature sounder using the ECMWF model. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 28, 1373-389.CrossRef
  - - - et al., 2012: Improved assimilation of data from China’s FY-3A microwave temperature sounder (MWTS). Atmos. Sci. Lett., 13, 9-5.CrossRef
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• 作者单位：Jianmin Xu (1)
  Qiang Guo (1)
  Qifen Lu (1)
  Feng Lu (1)
  Xiaohu Zhang (1)
  
  1. National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China
  
• 刊物类别：Atmospheric Sciences; Meteorology; Geophysics and Environmental Physics; Atmospheric Protection/Air
• 刊物主题：Atmospheric Sciences; Meteorology; Geophysics and Environmental Physics; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution;
• 出版者：The Chinese Meteorological Society
• ISSN：2198-0934

文摘

This study introduces some innovations in the data processing algorithm for Chinese FY meteorological satellites. Issues about satellite image navigation, radiation calibration, and data assimilation are discussed. A time series of the earth’s disk center-line count provides information on the orientation of the satellite spin axis. With this information, the altitude parameters of the satellite and then the earth disk location in the south-north direction may be solved. In each spin cycle, the satellite views the sun and the earth. Given the satellite position and altitude, the angle (β) subtended at the satellite by the sun and the earth can be calculated and predicted. Thus, the earth’s disk location in the east-west direction is fixed. Based on this principle, we derived an automatic image navigation algorithm for FY2 geosynchronous meteorological satellites with an accuracy approaching pixel level. The FY2 meteorological satellite traveling in a geostationary orbit suffers a large amount of radiation from the sun. The radiation varies on both diurnal and annual scales, which causes radiation responses in the thermal infrared (IR) bands wherein the wavelengths greater than 3.5 μm vibrate periodically on scales of hours to years. These vibrations must be precisely calibrated. First, based on the accurate estimation of the radiant contribution from the front-optics, the variation characteristics of the calibration parameters are obtained on a temporal scale of hours from the space-borne inner-blackbody (IBB) measurement results. Second, the in-orbit measured radiation of the lunar surface is referenced and utilized to correct the systematic bias of the IBB calibration from daily to annual scales. By using such algorithms, we achieved a calibration accuracy of the FY2 satellite’s IR imagery of less than 1 K. The on-orbit satellite instrument parameters play an important role in data quality; however, they may be mis-measured due to limitations in the measurement conditions or may be changed due to the space environment after launch. A satellite instrument parameters on-orbit optimizer (SIPOn-Opt) for a polar orbit meteorological satellite was developed to optimize the true state of the instrument parameters on-orbit with regard to the observation constraints. When applying the SIPOn-Opt to FY3 sounding instruments, the FY3 data quality was much improved, compared to its European and the U.S. polar orbit meteorological satellite counterparts, leading to improved forecast skill of numerical weather prediction. Key words meteorological satellite data processing algorithm image navigation radiation calibration data assimilation