Tsunami Forecast by Joint Inversion of Real-Time Tsunami Waveforms and Seismic or GPS Data: Application to the Tohoku 2011 Tsunami
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- 作者：Yong Wei (1) (2)
Andrew V. Newman (3)
Gavin P. Hayes (4)
Vasily V. Titov (1)
Liujuan Tang (1) (2) - 关键词：Tsunameter ; GPS ; finite ; fault solution ; tsunami ; inversion ; tsunami forecast ; runup ; inundation ; modeling ; near field
- 刊名：Pure and Applied Geophysics
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：December 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：171
- 期：12
- 页码：3281-3305
- 全文大小：7,843 KB
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13. <span class="a-plus-plus emphasis typ - 作者单位：Yong Wei (1) (2)
Andrew V. Newman (3)
Gavin P. Hayes (4)
Vasily V. Titov (1)
Liujuan Tang (1) (2)
1. Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
2. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
3. School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
4. United States Geological Survey, National Earthquake Information Center, Golden, Colorado, USA - ISSN：1420-9136
文摘
Correctly characterizing tsunami source generation is the most critical component of modern tsunami forecasting. Although difficult to quantify directly, a tsunami source can be modeled via different methods using a variety of measurements from deep-ocean tsunameters, seismometers, GPS, and other advanced instruments, some of which in or near real time. Here we assess the performance of different source models for the destructive 11 March 2011 Japan tsunami using model–data comparison for the generation, propagation, and inundation in the near field of Japan. This comparative study of tsunami source models addresses the advantages and limitations of different real-time measurements with potential use in early tsunami warning in the near and far field. The study highlights the critical role of deep-ocean tsunami measurements and rapid validation of the approximate tsunami source for high-quality forecasting. We show that these tsunami measurements are compatible with other real-time geodetic data, and may provide more insightful understanding of tsunami generation from earthquakes, as well as from nonseismic processes such as submarine landslide failures.