Time interval generator with 8 ps resolution and wide range for large TDC array characterization
详细信息 查看全文
- 作者：Ion Vornicu ; Ricardo Carmona-Galán…
- 关键词：Time interval generator ; Periodic pulse generator ; Digital ; to ; time converter ; Time ; to ; digital converter array
- 刊名：Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：May 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：87
- 期：2
- 页码：181-189
- 全文大小：1,789 KB
- 参考文献：1.Kumar, P., Charbon, E., Staszewski R. B., Borowski, A. (2012). Low power time-of-flight 3D imager system in standard CMOS. In 19th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS) (pp. 941–944).
2.Gersbach, M., Maruyama, Y., Trimananda, R., et al. (2012). A time-resolved, low-noise single-photon image sensor fabricated in deep-submicron CMOS technology. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 47(6), 1394–1407.CrossRef
3.Doernberg, J., Lee, H.-S., & Hodges, D. A. (1984). Full-speed testing of A/D converters. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 19(6), 820–827.CrossRef
4.Beker, W. (2005). Advanced time-correlated single photon counting techniques. Berlin: Springer.CrossRef
5.Kalisz, J. (2004). Review of methods for time interval measurements with picosecond resolution. Metrologia (Institute of Physics Publishing0, 41(1), 17–32.
6. http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/boards_and_kits/ug347.pdf for using the ML505 evaluation platform, Xilinx 2011.
7. http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/user_guides/ug190.pdf for configuring the digital clock managers (DCM) and phase-locked loop (PLL) primitives in Virtex-5 FPGAs, Xilinx 2012.
8. http://vigo.com.pl/index.php/en/english_menu/products/measurement_instruments/time_interval_generators for data sheet of T5300U time interval generators.
9.Kwiatkowski, P., et al. (2012). Accurate and low jitter time-interval generator based on phase shifting method. Review of Scientific Instruments, 83(3), 034701.CrossRef
10. http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/data_sheets/ds202.pdf for DC and switching characteristics, Xilinx 2010.
11. http://www.picoquant.com/products/category/tcspc-and-time-tagging-modules/picoharp-300-stand-alone-tcspc-module-with-usb-interface for PicoHarp 300 data sheet, PicoQuant GmbH.
12. http://www.thinksrs.com/downloads/PDFs/Catalog/CG635c.pdf for the data sheet of the CG635 synthesized clock generator.
13. http://www.picoquant.com/products/category/accessories/adapters-splitters-cables-various-accessories-for-photon-counting-setups for data sheet of the inverter and attenuator module, PicoQuant GmbH.
14.Vornicu, I., Carmona-Galán, R., Rodríguez-Vázquez Á. (2015). A SPAD plus TDC array for 145 ps-accuracy ToF measurement. In Proceedings of IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging: Image Sensors and Imaging Systems (Vol. 9403, pp. 94030I.1-6) San Francisco, California.
15.Villa, F., Markovic, B., Bellisai, S., Bronzi, D., Tosi, A., Zappa, F., et al. (2012). SPAD smart pixel for time-of-flight and time-correlated single-photon counting measurements. IEEE Photonics Journal, 4(3), 795–804.CrossRef
16.Fishburn, M. W., Charbon, E. (2012). Statistical limitations of TDC density tests. In Proceedings of the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) (pp. 1–2). - 作者单位：Ion Vornicu (1)
Ricardo Carmona-Galán (1)
Ángel Rodríguez-Vázquez (1)
1. Institute of Microelectronics of Seville (IMSE-CNM), CSIC-University of Seville, Seville, Spain - 刊物类别：Engineering
- 刊物主题：Circuits and Systems
Electronic and Computer Engineering
Signal,Image and Speech Processing - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-1979
文摘
Accurate generation of picosecond-resolution wide–range time intervals gives rise to a new time-efficient method for the characterization of large arrays of time-to-digital converters involved in time resolved imaging. This paper presents the design and measurement of a time interval generator based on FPGA technology. Although it can be employed in different automatic test setups, it has been designed to characterize an array of time-to-digital converters. It can work as periodic pulse/frequency generator but also as a digital-to-time converter. The accuracy of periodic pulse generator is around 20 ps RMS jitter for a pulse width ranging from 600 ps to 33 µs. The incremental time resolution is 8 ps and the repetition rate is up to 2 MHz. The accuracy of the digital-to-time converter is less than 0.8LSB DNL and 2LSB INL, whilst the time resolution is 27 ps. Full characterization of the module is reported including a comparison with state-of-the-art instruments in this field. The measurement results of the time-to-digital converter array driven by the designed digital-to-time converter module are presented as well. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing it with the statistical code density test.