Plant Host Species and Geographic Distance Affect the Structure of Aboveground Fungal Symbiont Communities, and Environmental Filtering Affects Belowground Communities in a Coastal Dune Ecosystem

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• 作者：Aaron S. David ; Eric W. Seabloom ; Georgiana May
• 关键词：Endophyte ; Community assembly ; Environmental drivers ; Dunes ; Ammophila ; Spatial structure
• 刊名：Microbial Ecology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：71
• 期：4
• 页码：912-926
• 全文大小：768 KB
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• 作者单位：Aaron S. David (1)
  Eric W. Seabloom (1)
  Georgiana May (1) (2)
  
  1. Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
  2. Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Microbiology
  Ecology
  Geoecology and Natural Processes
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1432-184X

文摘

Microbial symbionts inhabit tissues of all plants and animals. Their community composition depends largely on two ecological processes: (1) filtering by abiotic conditions and host species determining the environments that symbionts are able to colonize and (2) dispersal-limitation determining the pool of symbionts available to colonize a given host and community spatial structure. In plants, the above- and belowground tissues represent such distinct habitats for symbionts that we expect different effects of filtering and spatial structuring on their symbiont communities. In this study, we characterized above- and belowground communities of fungal endophytes—fungi living asymptomatically within plants—to understand the contributions of filtering and spatial structure to endophyte community composition. We used a culture-based approach to characterize endophytes growing in leaves and roots of three species of coastal beachgrasses in dunes of the USA Pacific Northwest. For leaves, endophyte isolation frequency and OTU richness depended primarily on plant host species. In comparison, for roots, both isolation frequency and OTU richness increased from the nutrient-poor front of the dune to the higher-nutrient backdune. Endophyte community composition in leaves exhibited a distance-decay relationship across the region. In a laboratory assay, faster growth rates and lower spore production were more often associated with leaf- than root-inhabiting endophytes. Overall, our results reveal a greater importance of biotic filtering by host species and dispersal-limitation over regional geographic distances for aboveground leaf endophyte communities and stronger effects of abiotic environmental filtering and locally patchy distributions for belowground root endophyte communities.