Mechanics of the brain: perspectives, challenges, and opportunities

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• 作者：Alain Goriely ; Marc G. D. Geers…
• 关键词：Brain ; Solid mechanics ; Fluid mechanics ; Electrochemistry ; Electromechanics ; Traumatic brain injury
• 刊名：Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：14
• 期：5
• 页码：931-965
• 全文大小：6,846 KB
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• 作者单位：Alain Goriely (1)
  Marc G. D. Geers (2)
  Gerhard A. Holzapfel (3)
  Jayaratnam Jayamohan (4)
  Antoine Jérusalem (5)
  Sivabal Sivaloganathan (6)
  Waney Squier (7)
  Johannes A. W. van Dommelen (2)
  Sarah Waters (1)
  Ellen Kuhl (8)
  
  1. Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
  2. Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
  3. Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
  4. Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
  5. Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3JP, UK
  6. Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada
  7. Department of Neuropathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
  8. Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Engineering
• 刊物主题：Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
  Biomedical Engineering
  Mechanics
  Biophysics and Biomedical Physics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1617-7940

文摘

The human brain is the continuous subject of extensive investigation aimed at understanding its behavior and function. Despite a clear evidence that mechanical factors play an important role in regulating brain activity, current research efforts focus mainly on the biochemical or electrophysiological activity of the brain. Here, we show that classical mechanical concepts including deformations, stretch, strain, strain rate, pressure, and stress play a crucial role in modulating both brain form and brain function. This opinion piece synthesizes expertise in applied mathematics, solid and fluid mechanics, biomechanics, experimentation, material sciences, neuropathology, and neurosurgery to address today’s open questions at the forefront of neuromechanics. We critically review the current literature and discuss challenges related to neurodevelopment, cerebral edema, lissencephaly, polymicrogyria, hydrocephaly, craniectomy, spinal cord injury, tumor growth, traumatic brain injury, and shaken baby syndrome. The multi-disciplinary analysis of these various phenomena and pathologies presents new opportunities and suggests that mechanical modeling is a central tool to bridge the scales by synthesizing information from the molecular via the cellular and tissue all the way to the organ level. Keywords Brain Solid mechanics Fluid mechanics Electrochemistry Electromechanics Traumatic brain injury