A modeling study of the effects of river runoff, tides, and surface wind-wave mixing on the Eastern and Western Hainan upwelling systems of the South China Sea, China

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• 作者：Daoru Wang ; Yi Yang ; Jia Wang ; Xuezhi Bai
• 关键词：Hainan upwelling ; South China Sea ; East Asia summer monsoon ; Surface wind ; wave mixing ; Tidally induced upwelling
• 刊名：Ocean Dynamics
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：65
• 期：8
• 页码：1143-1164
• 全文大小：9,612 KB
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• 作者单位：Daoru Wang (1)
  Yi Yang (1)
  Jia Wang (2)
  Xuezhi Bai (3)
  
  1. Hainan Marine Development and Design Institute, Haikou, Hainan, China
  2. NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
  3. Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research (CILER), School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Oceanography
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Fluids
  Structural Foundations and Hydraulic Engineering
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1616-7228

文摘

This study investigates the variation of eastern Hainan (or Qiongdong) and western Hainan upwelling systems during the East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) season using a state-of-the-art finite-volume coastal model and reveals the impacts of tidal mixing, surface wind-wave mixing, and river runoff on the Hainan upwellings in terms of the spatial and temporal variations, intensification, and vertical structure. It is found that (1) river runoff, a stabilizer of the water column, suppresses the upwelling beneath it from reaching the surface, although strong upwelling still occurs in the lower layer of the water column; (2) tidal mixing, a mechanism of forming bottom mixed layer, promotes upwelling, leading to strengthening of the upwelling; (3) surface wind-wave mixing, a major mechanism for formation of the upper mixed layer and a sharp thermocline, inhibits the upwelling from crossing the thermocline to reach the surface; and (4) unlike the east coast upwelling, the upwelling on the west coast is tidally induced.