A systematic study of Nickel (II) α-diimine complex performance on ethylene polymerization: influence of cocatalyst nature

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Nona Ghasemi Hamedani ; Hassan Arabi
• 关键词：Nickel (II) α ; diimine complex ; Polyethylene (PE) ; Ethyl aluminium sesquichloride ; Response surface method ; Regression model ; Surface and contour plot
• 刊名：Polymer Bulletin
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：72
• 期：10
• 页码：2471-2488
• 全文大小：2,476 KB
• 参考文献：1.Brookhart M, Johnston LK, Killian CM, Mecking S, Tempel DJ (1996) Palladium(II)- and Nickel(II)-catalyzed olefin polymerization. Polym Prep 37:254-55
  2.Killian CM, Tempel DJ, Johnston LK, Brookhart M (1996) Living polymerization of α-olefins using Ni(II) α-diimine catalysts. Synthesis of new block polymers based on α-olefins. J Am Chem Soc 118:11664-1665CrossRef
  3.Preishuber-Pflugl P, Brookhart M (2002) Highly active supported nickel diimine catalysts for polymerization of ethylene. Macromolecules 35:6074-076CrossRef
  4.Guan Z, Popeney CS (2009) Recent progress in late transition metal α-diimine catalysts for olefin polymerization. Top Organomet Chem 26:179-20
  5.Invernizzi R, Masi F, Moalli A (1989) Catalyst component for polymerizing ethylene or copolymerizing ethylene with an alpha-olefin. US patent 4843049 A
  6.Yoshinori M, Hiroshi I, Kenji F (1984) Ethylene copolymers. US patent 4205021
  7.Guan Z, Cotts PM, McCord EF, McLain S (1999) Chain walking: a new strategy to control polymer topology. J Science 283:2059-062CrossRef
  8.Cotts PM, Guan Z, McCord E, McLain S (2000) Novel branching topology in polyethylenes as revealed by light scattering and 13C NMR. Macromolecules 33:6945-952CrossRef
  9.Musaev DG, Froese RDJ, Svensson M, Morokumo K (1997) A density functional study of the mechanism of the diimine nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization reaction. J Am Chem Soc 119:367-74CrossRef
  10.Liu H, Zhao W, Yu J, Yang W, Hao X, Redshaw C, Chen L, Sun WH (2012) Synthesis, characterization and ethylene polymerization behavior of nickel dihalide complexes bearing bulky unsymmetrical a-diimine ligands. Catal Sci Technol 2:415-22
  11.Suzuki N, Yu J, Masubuchi Y, Horiuchi A, Wakatsuki Y (2003) Nickel and palladium catalyzed olefin polymerization under high pressures. J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 41:293-02CrossRef
  12.Simon LC, Mauler RS, De Souza RF (1999) Effect of the alkylaluminum cocatalyst on ethylene polymerization by a nickel–diimine complex. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 37:4656-663CrossRef
  13.Liu H, Zhao W, Hao X, Redshaw C, Huang W, Sun WH (2011) 2,6-Dibenzhydryl-N-(2-phenyliminoacenaphthylenylidene)- 4-methylbenzenamine Nickel Dibromides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Ethylene Polymerization. Organometallics 30:2418-424
  14.Wang S, Sun WH, Redshaw C (2014) Recent progress on nickel-based systems for ethylene oligo-polymerization catalysis. J Organomet Chem 751:717-41CrossRef
  15.Gao R, Sun WH, Redshaw C (2013) Nickel complex pre-catalysts in ethylene polymerization: new approaches to elastomeric materials.Catal. Sci Technol 3:1172-179
  16.Forte MC, Vieira da Cunha FO, Santos HZ, Zacca JJ (2003) Ethylene and 1-butene copolymerization catalyzed by a Ziegler–Natta/Metallocene hybrid catalyst through a 23 factorial experimental design. Polymer 44:1377-384CrossRef
  17.Tisse VF, Boisson C, Prades F, McKenna TFL (2010) A systematic study of the kinetics of polymerisation of ethylene using supported metallocene catalysts. Chem Engin J 157:194-03CrossRef
  18.Nassiri H, Arabi H, Hakim S, Bolandi S (2011) Polymerization of propylene with Ziegler–Natta catalyst: optimization of operating conditions by response surface methodology (RSM). Polym Bull 67:1393-411CrossRef
  19.Carrero A, Van Grieken R, Paredes B (2011) Ethylene polymerization with methylaluminoxane/(nBuCp)2ZrCl2 catalyst supported on silica and silica–alumina at different AlMAO/Zr molar ratios. J Appl Polym Sci 120:599-06
  20.Ghasemi Hamedani N, Arabi H, Zohuri GH, Mair FS, Jolleys A (2013) Synthesis and structural characterization of a nickel(II) precatalyst bearing a β-triketimine ligand and study of its ethylene polymerization performance using response surface methods. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 51:5120-132
  21.Kumar KR, Sivaram S (2000) Ethylene polymerization using iron (II) bis (imino) pyridyl and nickel (diimine) catalysts: effect of cocatalysts and reaction parameters. Marcromol Chem Physic 201:1513-520CrossRef
  22.Pappalardo D, Mazzeo M, Pellecchia C (1997) Polymerization of ethylene with nickel α-diimine catalysts. Macromol Rapid Commun 18:1017-023CrossRef
  23.Maldanis RJ, Wood JS, Chandrasekaran A, Rausch MD, Chien JCW (2002) The formation and polymerization behavior of Ni(II) α-diimine complexes using various aluminum activators. J Organomet Chem 645:158-67CrossRef
  24.Arabi H, Beheshti MS, Yousefi M, Ghasemi N, Ghafelebashi M (2013) Study of triisobutyl aluminium as cocatalyst and processing parameters on ethylene polymerization performance of α-diimine Nickel(II) complex by response surface method. Polym Bull 70:2765-781CrossRef
  25.Tian M, Park H, Row KH (2014) Optimization of synthesis amounts of polymers with two monomers by different methods based on response surface methodology. Adv Polym Technol 33:21405-1418CrossRef
  26.Shafiee M, Ramazani SA (2014) Optimization of UHMWPE/Graphene nanocomposite processing using Ziegler–Natta catalytic system via
• 作者单位：Nona Ghasemi Hamedani (1) (2)
  Hassan Arabi (1)
  
  1. Department of Polymerization Engineering, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran
  2. National Petrochemical Company (NPC), Research and Technology Company, Tehran, Iran
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Polymer Sciences
  Characterization and Evaluation Materials
  Soft Matter and Complex Fluids
  Physical Chemistry
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1436-2449

文摘

Ethylene polymerization was carried out with 1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) acenaphthene diimine-dibromo nickel (II) complex (1) combined with methyl aluminoxane (MAO) and ethylaluminium sesquichloride (EASC). The effect of three factors on three levels [temperature (10, 30, 50 °C), ethylene pressure (3, 5, 7 bar) and cocatalyst to catalyst ratio (CC) (1000, 2000, 3000)] on the polymerization process was investigated individually for both cocatalysts using regression models of responses [catalyst activity, weight average molecular weight (M _w) and crystallinity of polymer] and visualized via the response surface method (RSM). For both cocatalysts, activity responses show a second-order variation with temperature, while their pressure dependence is different. The maximum activity of catalyst 1 in the presence of EASC {3907.78 kg [(mol Ni)? bar? h?} is higher than maximum activity in the presence of MAO {1091.89 kg [(mol Ni)? bar? h?}. Polymerization conditions for reaching the maximum M _w are the same for both cocatalysts (10 °C, 7 bar, 3000); it is about 1,330,000 g mol? for MAO and 1,512,297 g mol? for EASC. Crystallinity responses reveal that EASC concentration has more significant influence on branching content of final polymer especially at lower polymerization temperature. For example at 10 °C and 3 bar, the increase of EASC concentration from 1000 to 3000 leads to the increase of crystallinity from 32 to 45 %. The obtained models provided a promising tool for designing the polymer properties by replacement of MAO with other cocatalysts. Keywords Nickel (II) α-diimine complex Polyethylene (PE) Ethyl aluminium sesquichloride Response surface method Regression model Surface and contour plot