Oak Decline as Illustrated Through Plant–Climate Interactions Near the Northern Edge of Species Range

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• 作者：Samuli Helama ; Kristina Sohar ; Alar Läänelaid ; Hanna M. Mäkelä…
• 关键词：Climate change ; Climate impacts ; Drought ; Drought stress ; Mortality ; Plant–climate interactions ; Tree death
• 刊名：The Botanical Review
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：82
• 期：1
• 页码：1-23
• 全文大小：1,126 KB
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• 作者单位：Samuli Helama (1)
  Kristina Sohar (2) (3)
  Alar Läänelaid (3)
  Hanna M. Mäkelä (4)
  Juha Raisio (5)
  
  1. Natural Resources Institute Finland, Eteläranta 55, 96301, Rovaniemi, Finland
  2. Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, 37982, Třeboň, Czech Republic
  3. Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
  4. Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101, Helsinki, Finland
  5. The Public Works Department, Street and Park Division, P.O. Box 1515, 00099, City of Helsinki, Finland
  
• 刊物主题：Plant Sciences; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography; Plant Anatomy/Development; Plant Physiology; Plant Ecology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1874-9372

文摘

This paper investigates historical growth and climate records among the oak sites representing the northern edge of species range in northernmost Europe (Finland). This is to characterize plant–climate interactions for a multitude of sites where oak decline has recently been observed and understand this most recent decline in the context of the past decline studies elsewhere. Further, our paper demonstrates the procedures the tree-ring data can be used in isolating those factors significantly contributing to decline. Our findings point towards complex tree mortality dynamics. Compared to oaks that remain healthy, the declining and dead oaks represent the trees clearly having suffered from competition and edaphic position within their site. This was indicated by their reduced growth rates and more drastic growth disturbance, with indications of reduced resilience. Growth of these trees was also deteriorated by cold soil temperatures during the dormancy in addition to summer droughts. By contrast, the growth of healthy oaks has been notably ameliorated by springtime soil warming over the past decades. The results demonstrate the climatic determinants for observed decline in the northern oak sites, which may become increasingly vulnerable to higher background tree mortality rates and die-off in response to future warming and drought, although their habitats are not normally considered water-limited.